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human behavior and attitudes in response to alternative scenarios for land, water, and
energy management, and for the process-based environmental mechanisms underlying such behaviors. One of the larger advantages of commercial software is that
visualization and mapping functions may be streamlined and easily accessible.
17.3.3.2 Systems Dynamics Modeling Software
Systems dynamics modeling software, such as Stella and Vensim, allow users to
visualize (via causal loop diagrams) and simulate (via system dynamics models)
stocks and flows of matter and energy through feedbacks in an interconnected system. Life Cycle Analysis is used to understand the fuller impacts of consumption
and production choices through the entire process of extraction, production, consumption, and disposal.
17.3.4 Online Platforms
An essential class of tools are online platforms that allow researchers and practitioners to store, share, and exchange data, models, software, and other tools, and to
engage with each other in developing ideas, strategies, and solutions.
R Shiny is a library to develop interactive charts, data visualizations, and applications to be hosted on the web using the R language. The R Shiny library makes it
easy to build online environments for exploring data and analysis. Tableau is another
powerful commercial online visual interface platform.
An online platform can provide various ways to represent multiple interests and
outcomes, helping to mediate stakeholder negotiations. A data collection and integration tool can help gather information and study the economic impact of farmers
selling water rights on agriculture, the energy industry, urban growth, and stock
markets. Roleplaying and integrated biophysical-economic modeling could help
better understand trade-offs, promoting consensus.
The International Energy Agency, Energy Information Administration, and
several other agencies have produced powerful web-based infographic tools that
provide public access to a shared basis in quantitative knowledge about
FEWS. FEW-View and HydroViz are academically produced, online visualization
environments for FEWS.
17.3.5 Immersive Decision Environments
Making important decisions calls for a carefully crafted environment in which to
consider and make the decision. Most countries have deliberative Chambers of
Congress or Parliaments, in which decisions can be considered carefully and facilitated
using precise rules of order. Modern technology has made it possible to innovate the
17 Applying Science to Practice
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