26
no willingness to compromise, or big differences in framing the challenges, problems may be viewed as intractable or “wicked.”
Power imbalances, where one actor, or set of actors, has significantly greater
power than others can often lead to outcomes that prioritize their objectives over
those of others. Some actors have a preference for culture-based or values-based
interpretation of facts and science. Societies have different types of formal or informal conflict resolution, including political action and judicial decision-making; a
range of conflict resolution methods are explored in Chap. 20.
Risk is a function of multiple factors and has been discussed as a function of
(variously) total exposure to events, event severity, armoring or vulnerability to the
event, probability of the event, and the number of potential events that may occur.
Specifically, risk is an estimate of likely impact or damage (sometimes measured in
dollars ($)), and is a function of roughly three factors: (1) the likelihood (or frequency) of an event, (2) the vulnerability of a system to the event (or, how protected
a system is from the event), and (3) potential impact or severity of an event if it
Fig. 1.7 Conceptual framework to connect climate change, water, energy, and food to ecosystems.
(Source: California Department of Water Resources (CADWR) 2017)
P. Saundry and B. L. Ruddell
no willingness to compromise, or big differences in framing the challenges, problems may be viewed as intractable or “wicked.”
Power imbalances, where one actor, or set of actors, has significantly greater
power than others can often lead to outcomes that prioritize their objectives over
those of others. Some actors have a preference for culture-based or values-based
interpretation of facts and science. Societies have different types of formal or informal conflict resolution, including political action and judicial decision-making; a
range of conflict resolution methods are explored in Chap. 20.
Risk is a function of multiple factors and has been discussed as a function of
(variously) total exposure to events, event severity, armoring or vulnerability to the
event, probability of the event, and the number of potential events that may occur.
Specifically, risk is an estimate of likely impact or damage (sometimes measured in
dollars ($)), and is a function of roughly three factors: (1) the likelihood (or frequency) of an event, (2) the vulnerability of a system to the event (or, how protected
a system is from the event), and (3) potential impact or severity of an event if it
Fig. 1.7 Conceptual framework to connect climate change, water, energy, and food to ecosystems.
(Source: California Department of Water Resources (CADWR) 2017)
P. Saundry and B. L. Ruddell