290
Soil degradation (cont.)
food supply, 121
plant cultivation, 121
properties, 120
secondary salinisation, 122
soils, 120
urban soils, 120
Soil erosion, 154
Soils and production rates
agroecological farming, 132, 133
agrotechnical and biological methods, 132
biological plant protection, 132
biology, 132
bioproducts, 133
bred animals, 130
cattle factory, 130
economic and social consequences, 134
farmers, 129
fertilisers, 129
food supply, 133
fundamental principles, 133
green revolution, 131
harmonised activity, 134
homogeneous plant culture and habitat, 129
intensive animal farming, 130
leguminous plants, 131
material and energy flows, 129
microorganisms, 131
modern industrial cattle breeding, 130
natural ecological systems, 131
nitrogen adsorption, 132
precision farming, 130, 131
small biological cycle, 129
soil cultivation, 130
soil-plant-animal relationship, 129
solar energy, 129
Solar radiation, 111
Stabilising feedback, 18
Stochastic, 19, 21
Stratospheric ozone, 202
Stratospheric ozone layer, 199
Strong sustainability, 4
Subsystems, 12, 19
Subversive Enterprises International (SEI), 212
Suitability model, 26
Surface water systems
Aral Sea, 148, 149
climate change, 154
deforestation, 151
drip irrigation, 146
green energy, 151
grey water, 147
human disturbance, 150
industrial sewage, 152
irrigation plants, 150
large dams, 148
loan systems supporting, 147
municipal sewage, 152
natural environment and society, 146
natural self-purification potential, 152
nuclear power plant, 147
rivers and downriver countries, 151
semi-arid regions, 146
small-scale micro-irrigation systems, 147
soil erosion, 154
sustainable development, 148
warming water, 154
water discharge of rivers, 147
water overuse, 146
Sustainable Cities Index, 118
Sustainable development
approaches, 4
Brundtland Report, 6
climate change, 7
definition, 2, 3
development, society, 5
earthquakes, 74
economic and social development, 6
economic parameters, 2
environmental changes, 6
environmental issues, 263
environmental protection, 56
essence of development, 5
factors, 56
geography, 3
global ecological system, 3
global environmental processes, 6
global society, 268
human society, 9
humanity, 6, 58
humanity vs. environment, 8
international conventions, 6, 7
international forums, 56
local natural resources, 264
MDG, 7
qualitative characterisation, 4
quantitative description, 4
SDGs, 8
social and natural systems, 8
social processes, 263
strong sustainability, 4
system change, 5
system elements, 4
UNCSD, 7
volcanism, 74
weak sustainability, 3
Sustainable development goals (SDGs), 8, 263, 268
agricultural cultivation, 245
algorithms and mathematical formulae, 256
Christian politicians, 247
civil movements, 250
civilisations, 246
climate change, 227
consumption and production, 240
cooperation, 239
cooperative behaviour, 248
cultural habits, 246
current economic model, 251
definition, 228
digitalisation, 237
earth systems, 229
ecological footprint calculations, 228
Index
Soil degradation (cont.)
food supply, 121
plant cultivation, 121
properties, 120
secondary salinisation, 122
soils, 120
urban soils, 120
Soil erosion, 154
Soils and production rates
agroecological farming, 132, 133
agrotechnical and biological methods, 132
biological plant protection, 132
biology, 132
bioproducts, 133
bred animals, 130
cattle factory, 130
economic and social consequences, 134
farmers, 129
fertilisers, 129
food supply, 133
fundamental principles, 133
green revolution, 131
harmonised activity, 134
homogeneous plant culture and habitat, 129
intensive animal farming, 130
leguminous plants, 131
material and energy flows, 129
microorganisms, 131
modern industrial cattle breeding, 130
natural ecological systems, 131
nitrogen adsorption, 132
precision farming, 130, 131
small biological cycle, 129
soil cultivation, 130
soil-plant-animal relationship, 129
solar energy, 129
Solar radiation, 111
Stabilising feedback, 18
Stochastic, 19, 21
Stratospheric ozone, 202
Stratospheric ozone layer, 199
Strong sustainability, 4
Subsystems, 12, 19
Subversive Enterprises International (SEI), 212
Suitability model, 26
Surface water systems
Aral Sea, 148, 149
climate change, 154
deforestation, 151
drip irrigation, 146
green energy, 151
grey water, 147
human disturbance, 150
industrial sewage, 152
irrigation plants, 150
large dams, 148
loan systems supporting, 147
municipal sewage, 152
natural environment and society, 146
natural self-purification potential, 152
nuclear power plant, 147
rivers and downriver countries, 151
semi-arid regions, 146
small-scale micro-irrigation systems, 147
soil erosion, 154
sustainable development, 148
warming water, 154
water discharge of rivers, 147
water overuse, 146
Sustainable Cities Index, 118
Sustainable development
approaches, 4
Brundtland Report, 6
climate change, 7
definition, 2, 3
development, society, 5
earthquakes, 74
economic and social development, 6
economic parameters, 2
environmental changes, 6
environmental issues, 263
environmental protection, 56
essence of development, 5
factors, 56
geography, 3
global ecological system, 3
global environmental processes, 6
global society, 268
human society, 9
humanity, 6, 58
humanity vs. environment, 8
international conventions, 6, 7
international forums, 56
local natural resources, 264
MDG, 7
qualitative characterisation, 4
quantitative description, 4
SDGs, 8
social and natural systems, 8
social processes, 263
strong sustainability, 4
system change, 5
system elements, 4
UNCSD, 7
volcanism, 74
weak sustainability, 3
Sustainable development goals (SDGs), 8, 263, 268
agricultural cultivation, 245
algorithms and mathematical formulae, 256
Christian politicians, 247
civil movements, 250
civilisations, 246
climate change, 227
consumption and production, 240
cooperation, 239
cooperative behaviour, 248
cultural habits, 246
current economic model, 251
definition, 228
digitalisation, 237
earth systems, 229
ecological footprint calculations, 228
Index