Index
753
Apoptosis, defined, 534, 536
Appert, N., 4–5
Apple cider. See cider.
Apple juice, 144, 712
Arcobacter spp., 17–18, 21, 25, 669, 749
A. butleri, 21, 69–70
radiation D values, 380
A. cryaerophilus, 70
A. nitrofigilis, 23
A. skirrowii, 70
meats, 69–70
poultry, 65
Arizona spp., 252
A. hinshawii, 476
Armillaria spp., 331
Arrhenius equation, 55
Arrhenius model, 491
Arthrobacter spp., 747
Arthrospores, defined, 27, 31
Asaia spp., 156, 211, 749
A. siamensis, 43
Ascaridida, 697
Ascaris spp., 697
Ascomycete state, defined, 27
Ascomycota, 27
Ascomycotina, 31
Ascorbate/isoascorbate, 466–467
Ascospores, 466
Aseptic packaging, 331
Aspergillus spp., 17, 28, 30
A. alliaceus, 716
A. bombycis, 710
A. carbonarius, 716
A. clavatus, 716
A. conicus, 46
A. echinulatus, 46, 445
A. fischerianus, 30
A. flavus, 7, 709–712
radiation D value, 381–382
A. glaucus. See also Eurotium, 28, 46, 189,
445
a w minimum, 445, 453–454
A. gracilis, 576
A. mellus, 716
A. nidulans, 28, 718
A. niger, 28, 135, 189, 323, 453–454, 716
chemical D values, 316
radiation D values, 381
thermal D values, 426
A. nominus, 710
A. ochraceus, 189, 716–717
A. ochraceoroseus, 710
A. oryzae, 28, 159, 186–187, 190
koji, 186
takadiastase, 150
A. ostianus, 716
A. parasiticus, 324, 710–712
A. pseudotamartii, 710
A. repens, 436
A. restrictus, 28
A. rugulosus, 718
A. soyae, 28, 187, 190
A. terreus, 716
A. versicolor, 189, 710
bacon, 108
butter, 167
ham, 102, 108–109
meats/poultry, 66, 102
pickles, 182
seafoods, 110
Attachment-effacement, defined, 535–536
C. freundii, 535
E. coli, 535, 648
H. alvei, 535
ATP methods. See adenosine triphosphate
Aureobasidium spp., 28, 66, 110
A. pullulans, 28
Autosterilization, 430
Averantin, 710
Averufanin, 710
Averufin, 710
Avidin, 198
a w , defined, 45
dried foods, 445
intermediate moisture foods, 448–452
Maillard browning, 447
mayonnaise, 202
Raoult’s law, 448
relative humidity, 45
relative to NaCl content, 46
xerophylic molds, 46
Z. rouxii, 46
Azoarcus spp., 749
Azomonas spp., 749
Azotobacter spp., 749
B
Bacillus spp., 15, 17–18, 21, 397–398, 416, 424, 593,
747–748
B. amyloliquefaciens, 584
B. anthracis, 462, 584
B. badius, 160
B. betanigrificans, 435
753
Apoptosis, defined, 534, 536
Appert, N., 4–5
Apple cider. See cider.
Apple juice, 144, 712
Arcobacter spp., 17–18, 21, 25, 669, 749
A. butleri, 21, 69–70
radiation D values, 380
A. cryaerophilus, 70
A. nitrofigilis, 23
A. skirrowii, 70
meats, 69–70
poultry, 65
Arizona spp., 252
A. hinshawii, 476
Armillaria spp., 331
Arrhenius equation, 55
Arrhenius model, 491
Arthrobacter spp., 747
Arthrospores, defined, 27, 31
Asaia spp., 156, 211, 749
A. siamensis, 43
Ascaridida, 697
Ascaris spp., 697
Ascomycete state, defined, 27
Ascomycota, 27
Ascomycotina, 31
Ascorbate/isoascorbate, 466–467
Ascospores, 466
Aseptic packaging, 331
Aspergillus spp., 17, 28, 30
A. alliaceus, 716
A. bombycis, 710
A. carbonarius, 716
A. clavatus, 716
A. conicus, 46
A. echinulatus, 46, 445
A. fischerianus, 30
A. flavus, 7, 709–712
radiation D value, 381–382
A. glaucus. See also Eurotium, 28, 46, 189,
445
a w minimum, 445, 453–454
A. gracilis, 576
A. mellus, 716
A. nidulans, 28, 718
A. niger, 28, 135, 189, 323, 453–454, 716
chemical D values, 316
radiation D values, 381
thermal D values, 426
A. nominus, 710
A. ochraceus, 189, 716–717
A. ochraceoroseus, 710
A. oryzae, 28, 159, 186–187, 190
koji, 186
takadiastase, 150
A. ostianus, 716
A. parasiticus, 324, 710–712
A. pseudotamartii, 710
A. repens, 436
A. restrictus, 28
A. rugulosus, 718
A. soyae, 28, 187, 190
A. terreus, 716
A. versicolor, 189, 710
bacon, 108
butter, 167
ham, 102, 108–109
meats/poultry, 66, 102
pickles, 182
seafoods, 110
Attachment-effacement, defined, 535–536
C. freundii, 535
E. coli, 535, 648
H. alvei, 535
ATP methods. See adenosine triphosphate
Aureobasidium spp., 28, 66, 110
A. pullulans, 28
Autosterilization, 430
Averantin, 710
Averufanin, 710
Averufin, 710
Avidin, 198
a w , defined, 45
dried foods, 445
intermediate moisture foods, 448–452
Maillard browning, 447
mayonnaise, 202
Raoult’s law, 448
relative humidity, 45
relative to NaCl content, 46
xerophylic molds, 46
Z. rouxii, 46
Azoarcus spp., 749
Azomonas spp., 749
Azotobacter spp., 749
B
Bacillus spp., 15, 17–18, 21, 397–398, 416, 424, 593,
747–748
B. amyloliquefaciens, 584
B. anthracis, 462, 584
B. badius, 160
B. betanigrificans, 435