562 Modern Food Microbiology
13. Bergdoll, M.S. 1967. The staphylococcal enterotoxins. In Biochemistry of Some Foodborne Microbial Toxins, ed. R.I.
Mateles and G.N. Wogan, 1–25. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
14. Bergdoll, M.S. 1972. The enterotoxins. In The Staphylococci, ed. J.O. Cohen, 301–331. New York: Wiley-Interscience.
15. Bergdoll, M.S. 1990. Staphylococcal food poisoning. In Foodborne Diseases, ed. D.O. Cliver, 85–106. New York:
Academic Press.
16. Betley, M.J., D.W. Borst, and L.B. Regassa. 1992. Staphylococcal enterotoxins, toxic shock syndrome toxin and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins: A comparative study of their molecular biology. Chem. Immunol. 55:1–35.
17. Borja, C.R., and M.S. Bergdoll. 1967. Purification and partial characterization of enterotoxin C produced by Staphylococcus aureus strain 137. J. Biochem. 6:1457–1473.
18. Brown, D.F., and R.M. Twedt. 1972. Assessment of the sanitary effectiveness of holding temperatures on beef cooked at
low temperature. Appl. Microbiol. 24:599–603.
19. Bryan, F.L. 1974. Microbiological food hazards today—based on epidemiological information. Food Technol. 28(9):52–
59.
20. Carmo, L.S., R.S. Dias, V.R. Linardi, M.J. de Sena, D.A. Santos, M.E. de Faria, E.C. Pena, M. Jett, and L.G. Heneine.
2002. Food poisoning due to enterotoxigenic strains of Staphylococcus present in Minas cheese and raw milk in Brazil.
Food Microbiol. 19:9–14
21. Casman, E.P. 1965. Staphylococcal enterotoxin. In The Staphylococci: Ecologic Perspectives. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 28,
128: 124–133.
22. Casman, E.P., R.W. Bennett, A.E. Dorsey, and J.A. Issa. 1967. Identification of a fourth staphylococcal enterotoxin,
enterotoxin D. J. Bacteriol. 94:1875–1882.
23. Cenci-Goga, B.T., M. Karama, P.V. Rossitto, R.A. Morgante, and J.S. Culler. 2003. Enterotoxin production by Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mastitic cows. J. Food Protect. 66:1693–1696.
24. Chordash, R.A., and N.N. Potter. 1976. Stability of staphylococcal enterotoxin A to selected conditions encountered in
foods. J. Food Sci. 41:906–909.
25. Couch, J.L., and M.J. Betley. 1989. Nucleotide sequence of the type C 3 staphylococcal enterotoxin gene suggests that
intergenic recombination causes antigenic variation. J. Bacteriol. 171:4507–4510.
26. Czop, J.K., and M.S. Bergdoll. 1970. Synthesis of enterotoxins by l-forms of Staphylococcus aureus. Infect. Immun.
1:169–173.
27. Czop, J.K., and M.S. Bergdoll. 1974. Staphylococcal enterotoxin synthesis during the exponential, transitional, and
stationary growth phases. Infect. Immun. 9:229–235.
28. Dack, G.M., W.E. Cary, O. Woolpert, and H. Wiggers. 1930. An outbreak of food poisoning proved to be due to a yellow
hemolytic staphylococcus. J. Prev. Med. 4:167–175.
29. Denny, C.B., J.Y. Humber, and C.W. Bohrer. 1971. Effect of toxin concentration on the heat inactivation of staphylococcal
enterotoxin A in beef bouillon and in phosphate buffer. Appl. Microbiol. 21:1064–1066.
30. Denny, C.B., P.L. Tan, and C.W. Bohrer. 1966. Heat inactivation of staphylococcal enterotoxin. J. Food Sci. 31:762–767.
31. Dinges, M.M., P.M. Orwin, and P.M. Schlievert. 2000. Exotoxins of Staphylococcus aureus. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 13:16–
34.
32. Ellender, R.D., L. Huang, S.L. Sharp, and R.P. Tettleton. 1995. Isolation, enumeration, and identification of Gram-positive
cocci from frozen crabmeat. J. Food Protect. 58:853–857.
33. Evans, J.B., G.A. Ananaba, C.A. Pate, and M.S. Bergdoll. 1983. Enterotoxin production by atypical Staphylococcus
aureus from poultry. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 54:257–261.
34. Evenson, M.L., M.W. Hinds, R.S. Bernstein, and M.S. Bergdoll. 1988. Estimation of human dose of staphylococcal
enterotoxin A from a large outbreak of staphylococcal food poisoning involving chocolate milk. Int. J. Food Microbiol.
7:311–316.
35. Ewald, S. 1987. Enterotoxin production by Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from Danish foods. Int. J. Food
Microbiol. 4:207–214.
36. Ewald, S., and S. Notermans. 1988. Effect of water activity on growth and enterotoxin D production of Staphylococcus
aureus. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 6:25–30.
37. Freney, J., Y. Brun, M. Bes, H. Meugnier, F. Grimont, P.A.D. Grimont, C. Nervi, and J. Fleurette. 1988. Staphylococcus
lugdunensis sp. nov. and Staphylococcus schleiferi sp. nov., two species from human clinical specimens. Int. J. System.
Bacteriol. 38:168–172.
13. Bergdoll, M.S. 1967. The staphylococcal enterotoxins. In Biochemistry of Some Foodborne Microbial Toxins, ed. R.I.
Mateles and G.N. Wogan, 1–25. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
14. Bergdoll, M.S. 1972. The enterotoxins. In The Staphylococci, ed. J.O. Cohen, 301–331. New York: Wiley-Interscience.
15. Bergdoll, M.S. 1990. Staphylococcal food poisoning. In Foodborne Diseases, ed. D.O. Cliver, 85–106. New York:
Academic Press.
16. Betley, M.J., D.W. Borst, and L.B. Regassa. 1992. Staphylococcal enterotoxins, toxic shock syndrome toxin and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins: A comparative study of their molecular biology. Chem. Immunol. 55:1–35.
17. Borja, C.R., and M.S. Bergdoll. 1967. Purification and partial characterization of enterotoxin C produced by Staphylococcus aureus strain 137. J. Biochem. 6:1457–1473.
18. Brown, D.F., and R.M. Twedt. 1972. Assessment of the sanitary effectiveness of holding temperatures on beef cooked at
low temperature. Appl. Microbiol. 24:599–603.
19. Bryan, F.L. 1974. Microbiological food hazards today—based on epidemiological information. Food Technol. 28(9):52–
59.
20. Carmo, L.S., R.S. Dias, V.R. Linardi, M.J. de Sena, D.A. Santos, M.E. de Faria, E.C. Pena, M. Jett, and L.G. Heneine.
2002. Food poisoning due to enterotoxigenic strains of Staphylococcus present in Minas cheese and raw milk in Brazil.
Food Microbiol. 19:9–14
21. Casman, E.P. 1965. Staphylococcal enterotoxin. In The Staphylococci: Ecologic Perspectives. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 28,
128: 124–133.
22. Casman, E.P., R.W. Bennett, A.E. Dorsey, and J.A. Issa. 1967. Identification of a fourth staphylococcal enterotoxin,
enterotoxin D. J. Bacteriol. 94:1875–1882.
23. Cenci-Goga, B.T., M. Karama, P.V. Rossitto, R.A. Morgante, and J.S. Culler. 2003. Enterotoxin production by Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mastitic cows. J. Food Protect. 66:1693–1696.
24. Chordash, R.A., and N.N. Potter. 1976. Stability of staphylococcal enterotoxin A to selected conditions encountered in
foods. J. Food Sci. 41:906–909.
25. Couch, J.L., and M.J. Betley. 1989. Nucleotide sequence of the type C 3 staphylococcal enterotoxin gene suggests that
intergenic recombination causes antigenic variation. J. Bacteriol. 171:4507–4510.
26. Czop, J.K., and M.S. Bergdoll. 1970. Synthesis of enterotoxins by l-forms of Staphylococcus aureus. Infect. Immun.
1:169–173.
27. Czop, J.K., and M.S. Bergdoll. 1974. Staphylococcal enterotoxin synthesis during the exponential, transitional, and
stationary growth phases. Infect. Immun. 9:229–235.
28. Dack, G.M., W.E. Cary, O. Woolpert, and H. Wiggers. 1930. An outbreak of food poisoning proved to be due to a yellow
hemolytic staphylococcus. J. Prev. Med. 4:167–175.
29. Denny, C.B., J.Y. Humber, and C.W. Bohrer. 1971. Effect of toxin concentration on the heat inactivation of staphylococcal
enterotoxin A in beef bouillon and in phosphate buffer. Appl. Microbiol. 21:1064–1066.
30. Denny, C.B., P.L. Tan, and C.W. Bohrer. 1966. Heat inactivation of staphylococcal enterotoxin. J. Food Sci. 31:762–767.
31. Dinges, M.M., P.M. Orwin, and P.M. Schlievert. 2000. Exotoxins of Staphylococcus aureus. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 13:16–
34.
32. Ellender, R.D., L. Huang, S.L. Sharp, and R.P. Tettleton. 1995. Isolation, enumeration, and identification of Gram-positive
cocci from frozen crabmeat. J. Food Protect. 58:853–857.
33. Evans, J.B., G.A. Ananaba, C.A. Pate, and M.S. Bergdoll. 1983. Enterotoxin production by atypical Staphylococcus
aureus from poultry. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 54:257–261.
34. Evenson, M.L., M.W. Hinds, R.S. Bernstein, and M.S. Bergdoll. 1988. Estimation of human dose of staphylococcal
enterotoxin A from a large outbreak of staphylococcal food poisoning involving chocolate milk. Int. J. Food Microbiol.
7:311–316.
35. Ewald, S. 1987. Enterotoxin production by Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from Danish foods. Int. J. Food
Microbiol. 4:207–214.
36. Ewald, S., and S. Notermans. 1988. Effect of water activity on growth and enterotoxin D production of Staphylococcus
aureus. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 6:25–30.
37. Freney, J., Y. Brun, M. Bes, H. Meugnier, F. Grimont, P.A.D. Grimont, C. Nervi, and J. Fleurette. 1988. Staphylococcus
lugdunensis sp. nov. and Staphylococcus schleiferi sp. nov., two species from human clinical specimens. Int. J. System.
Bacteriol. 38:168–172.