Nondairy Fermented Foods and Products
187
Table 8–1 Summary of a Variety of Fermented Products
Products
Substrate
Fermenters
Where Found
Nonbeverage plant products
Bongkrek
Coconut presscake Rhizopus oligosporus
Indonesia
Cocoa beans
Cacao fruit (pods)
Candida krusei (lssatchenkia
orientalis), Geotrichum spp.
Africa, South America
Coffee beans
Coffee cherries
Erwinia dissolvens,
Saccharomyces spp.
Brazil, Congo, Hawaii,
India
Gari
Cassava
“Corynebacterium manihot,”
Geotrichum spp.
West Africa
Kenkey
Corn
Aspergillus spp., Penicillium
spp., lactobacilli, yeasts
Ghana, Nigeria
Kimchi
Cabbage and other
vegetables
Lactic acid bacteria
Korea
Miso
Soybeans
Aspergillus oryzae,
Zygosaccharomyces rouxii
Japan
Ogi
Corn
L. plantarum, L. lactis,
Zygosaccharomyces rouxii
Nigeria
Olives
Green olives
L. mesenteroides,
L. plantarum
Worldwide
Ontjom
∗
Peanut presscake
Neurospora sitophila
Indonesia
Peujeum
Cassava
Molds
Indonesia
Pickles
Cucumbers
P. cerevisiae,
L. plantarum
Worldwide
Poi
Taro roots
Lactics
Hawaii
Sauerkraut
Cabbage
L. mesenteroides,
L. plantarum
Worldwide
Soy sauce (shoyu)
Soybeans
A. oryzae; or A. soyae;
Z. rouxii, L. delbrueckii
Japan
Sufu
Soybeans
Mucor spp.
China and Taiwan
Tao-si
Soybeans
A. oryzae
Philippines
Tempeh
Soybeans
Rhizopus oligosporus;
R. oryzae
Indonesia, New
Guinea, Surinam
Beverages and related products
Arrack
Rice
Yeasts, bacteria
Far East
Beer and ale
Cereal wort
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Worldwide
Binuburan
Rice
Yeasts
Philippines
Bourbon whiskey
Corn, rye
S. cerevisiae
United States
Bouza beer
Wheat grains
Yeasts
Egypt
Cider
Apples; others
Saccharomyces spp.
Worldwide
Kaffir beer
Kaffircorn
Yeasts, molds, lactics
Nyasaland (Malawi)
Magon
Corn
Lactobacillus spp.
Bantus of South Africa
Mezcal
Century plant
Yeasts
Mexico
Oo
Rice
Yeasts
Thailand
Pulque
†
Agave juice
Yeasts and lactics
Mexico, U.S. Southwest
Sake
Rice
Saccharomyces sake
(S. cerevisiae)
Japan
continues