Chapter 3
Maintenance of the Microcosm N-System
Ken-ichi Shibata, Kunihiko Kakazu, Kakeru Ruike, Kazuhito Murakami,
and Rie Suzuki
Abstract In this chapter, the procedures for maintaining and managing a standard
microcosm (N-system) and the cultivar installation and cultivation methods introduced in this book are described. The characteristics of microorganisms in the
microcosm are also described.
3.1 Apparatus
• 300 mL Erlenmeyer flask
• Silicon plug (Matsuura Machinery, Catalog No. 6-343-16, Type No. C-40)
• Incubator (25
C; light/dark (L/D) cycle ¼ 12 hr/12 hr; illuminance ¼ 2400 lux
(photosynthesis photon flux density ¼ 36 μmol/m
2 /s))
3.2 Cultivation
The maintenance culture of the microcosm N-system must be aseptic. A TP (Taub +
peptone) medium (shown in Table 3.1) was used for cultivation. After adjustment of
the TP medium, 300 mL was dispensed into an Erlenmeyer flask by 200 mL and
K. Shibata
Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
e-mail: shibata-kenichi-ym@ynu.jp
K. Kakazu · K. Ruike
University of Tsukuba/Foundation for Advancement of International Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki,
Japan
e-mail: kakazu@fais.or.jp; ruike@fais.or.jp
K. Murakami (*)
Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino, Chiba, Japan
e-mail: kazuhito.murakami@p.chibakoudai.jp
R. Suzuki
Ibaraki Pharmaceutical Association, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan
e-mail: suzuki.r@ibaraki-kensa.or.jp
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020
Y. Inamori (ed.), Microcosm Manual for Environmental Impact Risk Assessment,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6798-4_3
19
Maintenance of the Microcosm N-System
Ken-ichi Shibata, Kunihiko Kakazu, Kakeru Ruike, Kazuhito Murakami,
and Rie Suzuki
Abstract In this chapter, the procedures for maintaining and managing a standard
microcosm (N-system) and the cultivar installation and cultivation methods introduced in this book are described. The characteristics of microorganisms in the
microcosm are also described.
3.1 Apparatus
• 300 mL Erlenmeyer flask
• Silicon plug (Matsuura Machinery, Catalog No. 6-343-16, Type No. C-40)
• Incubator (25
C; light/dark (L/D) cycle ¼ 12 hr/12 hr; illuminance ¼ 2400 lux
(photosynthesis photon flux density ¼ 36 μmol/m
2 /s))
3.2 Cultivation
The maintenance culture of the microcosm N-system must be aseptic. A TP (Taub +
peptone) medium (shown in Table 3.1) was used for cultivation. After adjustment of
the TP medium, 300 mL was dispensed into an Erlenmeyer flask by 200 mL and
K. Shibata
Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
e-mail: shibata-kenichi-ym@ynu.jp
K. Kakazu · K. Ruike
University of Tsukuba/Foundation for Advancement of International Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki,
Japan
e-mail: kakazu@fais.or.jp; ruike@fais.or.jp
K. Murakami (*)
Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino, Chiba, Japan
e-mail: kazuhito.murakami@p.chibakoudai.jp
R. Suzuki
Ibaraki Pharmaceutical Association, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan
e-mail: suzuki.r@ibaraki-kensa.or.jp
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020
Y. Inamori (ed.), Microcosm Manual for Environmental Impact Risk Assessment,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6798-4_3
19