5. Then remove 21 pieces of barks per nematode treatment from
treated trees.
6. Analyze the inner side of the bark (where codling larvae reside
during winters) attached to the trunk for mortality using fluorometry, photomicrography, and digital image analysis.
2 Greenhouses
l
EPNs have been the focuses of far-reaching research and expansion as biocontrol agents of many greenhouse pests [245–248].
l
Arthurs et al. [89] analyzed the greenhouse and field trials that
used S. carpocapsae, and by the use of a general linear model
indicated that the nematode treatment efficacy are governed by
the target insects habitat (bore holes > cryptic foliage > exposed
foliage) and trial location (greenhouse > field studies).
l
Comparative humidity and temperature during and up to 8 h
after application have an impact on the nematode infection rates.
l
The greenhouse whitefly (GHWF), Trialeurodes vaporariorum
(Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is a cosmopolitan,
polyphagous, and grave insect pest all over the world. This
whitefly is a critical and vivacious pest on several greenhouse
crops like cucumbers, tomatoes, peppers, and an assortment of
other plants [249, 250]. Around 250 plant species from diverse
regions of the world are recorded as its host [251].
l
S. feltiae and H. bacteriophora have the ability to diminish the
survival of T. vaporariorum.
2.1 Greenhouse
Experiment [252]
To enhance pest management and crop health within greenhouse
productions.
2.1.1 Materials Required
l
Greenhouse whitefly.
l
Greenhouse crops cucumber and pepper.
l
Nematode species (IJs).
l
Cylindrical clip cage.
l
Petri dish (90 mm diameter).
l
1.5% Agar.
l
Triton X-100 (0.1% v/v).
l
Parafilm.
l
Stereomicroscope.
2.1.2 Procedure
1. Introduce nearly 30 adults with a sex ratio of 2:1 females to
males of greenhouse whitefly (T. vaporariorum) in every cylindrical clip cage (10 cm diameter  11 cm height).
Greenhouses
155
treated trees.
6. Analyze the inner side of the bark (where codling larvae reside
during winters) attached to the trunk for mortality using fluorometry, photomicrography, and digital image analysis.
2 Greenhouses
l
EPNs have been the focuses of far-reaching research and expansion as biocontrol agents of many greenhouse pests [245–248].
l
Arthurs et al. [89] analyzed the greenhouse and field trials that
used S. carpocapsae, and by the use of a general linear model
indicated that the nematode treatment efficacy are governed by
the target insects habitat (bore holes > cryptic foliage > exposed
foliage) and trial location (greenhouse > field studies).
l
Comparative humidity and temperature during and up to 8 h
after application have an impact on the nematode infection rates.
l
The greenhouse whitefly (GHWF), Trialeurodes vaporariorum
(Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is a cosmopolitan,
polyphagous, and grave insect pest all over the world. This
whitefly is a critical and vivacious pest on several greenhouse
crops like cucumbers, tomatoes, peppers, and an assortment of
other plants [249, 250]. Around 250 plant species from diverse
regions of the world are recorded as its host [251].
l
S. feltiae and H. bacteriophora have the ability to diminish the
survival of T. vaporariorum.
2.1 Greenhouse
Experiment [252]
To enhance pest management and crop health within greenhouse
productions.
2.1.1 Materials Required
l
Greenhouse whitefly.
l
Greenhouse crops cucumber and pepper.
l
Nematode species (IJs).
l
Cylindrical clip cage.
l
Petri dish (90 mm diameter).
l
1.5% Agar.
l
Triton X-100 (0.1% v/v).
l
Parafilm.
l
Stereomicroscope.
2.1.2 Procedure
1. Introduce nearly 30 adults with a sex ratio of 2:1 females to
males of greenhouse whitefly (T. vaporariorum) in every cylindrical clip cage (10 cm diameter  11 cm height).
Greenhouses
155