(e) Commercial Distribution of Liquefied Biogas
Liquefied biogas can be one of the future perspectives in biogas upgradation. The
energy density of biogas can be increased significantly by liquefied biogas,
facilitating a wide range of applications such as long-distance transport. Mass
production of liquefied biogas is a challenge to be solved (Bauer et al. 2013a, b).
The future perspective is wide for biogas upgradation technologies which can be
updated and executed only if all the open challenges can be met by humans with the
available resources.
9.8
Conclusions
Upgraded biogas is a sustainable renewable energy option with better replacement of
CNG utilisation. Due to increasing rigorous environmental rules and regulation,
there is a need to develop efficient and low energy input and environment-friendly
and low-cost technology for biogas up-gradation. Although the cost minimisation of
the system is not the main criteria for the selection of upgradation technology, it is
more important to choose the technology which delivers high methane purity and
less methane losses as a final product. Apart from some conventional upgradation
technologies, some recently invented technologies cryogenic separation, in situ
methane enrichment, industrial lung and polymeric membrane separation method
come under the recent developments in biogas upgrading technologies. However,
these technologies remain under development stage developed only at laboratory
scale. Hence, more efforts are required to form linkages between laboratory and
commercial scale technologies. Similarly, desulphurisation of biogas is a must-to-do
step prior to upgradation. Among all the available desulphurisation technologies,
physical adsorption technologies using carbon-based adsorbents paid more attention
to the researchers due to its easy operation and lesser cost of the system. Though
every technology has its own advantage and disadvantages, there is need of further
development in R&D sector for the betterment of commercialisation of nascent
upgradation technologies.
References
Agler MT, Wrenn BA, Zinder SH et al (2011) Waste to bioproduct conversion with undefined
mixed cultures: the carboxylate platform. Trends Biotechnol 29:70–78
Agneessens LM, Ottosen LDM, Voigt NV et al (2017) In-situ biogas upgrading with pulse H2
additions: the relevance of methanogen adaption and inorganic carbon level. Bioresour Technol
233:256–263
Ahmed I, Yusof ZAM, Beg MDH (2010) Fabrication of polymer based mix matrix membrane-A
short review. Int J Basic Appl Sci 10:14–19
Al Mamun MR, Torii S (2015) Enhancement of production and upgradation of biogas using
different techniques-a review. Int J Earth Sci Eng 8(2):877–892
9 Recent Trends in Biogas Upgrading Technologies for Biomethane Production
277
Liquefied biogas can be one of the future perspectives in biogas upgradation. The
energy density of biogas can be increased significantly by liquefied biogas,
facilitating a wide range of applications such as long-distance transport. Mass
production of liquefied biogas is a challenge to be solved (Bauer et al. 2013a, b).
The future perspective is wide for biogas upgradation technologies which can be
updated and executed only if all the open challenges can be met by humans with the
available resources.
9.8
Conclusions
Upgraded biogas is a sustainable renewable energy option with better replacement of
CNG utilisation. Due to increasing rigorous environmental rules and regulation,
there is a need to develop efficient and low energy input and environment-friendly
and low-cost technology for biogas up-gradation. Although the cost minimisation of
the system is not the main criteria for the selection of upgradation technology, it is
more important to choose the technology which delivers high methane purity and
less methane losses as a final product. Apart from some conventional upgradation
technologies, some recently invented technologies cryogenic separation, in situ
methane enrichment, industrial lung and polymeric membrane separation method
come under the recent developments in biogas upgrading technologies. However,
these technologies remain under development stage developed only at laboratory
scale. Hence, more efforts are required to form linkages between laboratory and
commercial scale technologies. Similarly, desulphurisation of biogas is a must-to-do
step prior to upgradation. Among all the available desulphurisation technologies,
physical adsorption technologies using carbon-based adsorbents paid more attention
to the researchers due to its easy operation and lesser cost of the system. Though
every technology has its own advantage and disadvantages, there is need of further
development in R&D sector for the betterment of commercialisation of nascent
upgradation technologies.
References
Agler MT, Wrenn BA, Zinder SH et al (2011) Waste to bioproduct conversion with undefined
mixed cultures: the carboxylate platform. Trends Biotechnol 29:70–78
Agneessens LM, Ottosen LDM, Voigt NV et al (2017) In-situ biogas upgrading with pulse H2
additions: the relevance of methanogen adaption and inorganic carbon level. Bioresour Technol
233:256–263
Ahmed I, Yusof ZAM, Beg MDH (2010) Fabrication of polymer based mix matrix membrane-A
short review. Int J Basic Appl Sci 10:14–19
Al Mamun MR, Torii S (2015) Enhancement of production and upgradation of biogas using
different techniques-a review. Int J Earth Sci Eng 8(2):877–892
9 Recent Trends in Biogas Upgrading Technologies for Biomethane Production
277