Schenk PM, Thomas-Hall SR, Stephens E, Marx UC, Mussgnug JH, Posten C, Kruse O, Hankamer
B (2008) Second generation biofuels: high-efficiency microalgae for biodiesel production.
Bioenergy Res 1:20–43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-008-9008-8
Schwarzenbach RP (2006) The challenge of micropollutants in aquatic systems. Science
313:1072–1077. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1127291
Shelef G, Sukenik A, Green M (1984) Microalgae harvesting and processing: a literature review.
United States. https://doi.org/10.2172/6204677
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review. Renew Sust Energ Rev 81:743–755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.08.042
Singh G, Patidar SK (2018) Microalgae harvesting techniques: a review. J Environ Manag
217:499–508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.04.010
Singh RN, Sharma S (2012) Development of suitable photobioreactor for algae production – a
review. Renew Sust Energ Rev 16:2347–2353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.01.026
Singh SP, Kumari S, Rastogi RP, Singh KL, Richa SRP (2010) Photoprotective and biotechnological potentials of cyanobacterial sheath pigment, scytonemin. Afr J Biotechnol 9:580–588.
https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB09.019
Singh A, Nigam PS, Murphy JD (2011) Renewable fuels from algae: an answer to debatable landbased fuels. Bioresour Technol 102:10–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.06.032
Soletto D, Binaghi L, Lodi A, Carvalho JCM, Converti A (2005) Batch and fed-batch cultivations
of Spirulina platensis using ammonium sulphate and urea as nitrogen sources. Aquaculture
243:217–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.10.005
Song T, Mårtensson L, Eriksson T, Zheng W, Rasmussen U (2005) Biodiversity and seasonal
variation of the cyanobacterial assemblage in a rice paddy field in Fujian. China FEMS
Microbiol Ecol 54:131–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.femsec.2005.03.008
Sostaric M, Klinar D, Bricelj M, Golob J, Berovic M, Likozar B (2012) Growth, lipid extraction and
thermal degradation of the microalga Chlorellavulgaris. New Biotechnol 29:325–331. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2011.12.002
Spolaore P, Joannis-Cassan C, Duran E, Isambert A (2006) Commercial applications of microalgae.
J Biosci Bioeng 101:87–96. https://doi.org/10.1263/jbb.101.87
Stevenson CS (2002) The identification and characterization of the marine natural product
scytonemin as a novel antiproliferative pharmacophore. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 303:858–866.
https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.102.036350
Stolz P, Obermayer B (2005) Manufacturing microalgae for skin care. Cosmet Toilet 120:99–106
Suali E, Sarbatly R (2012) Conversion of microalgae to biofuel. Renew Sust Energ Rev
16:4316–4342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.03.047
Suganya T, Varman M, Masjuki HH, Renganathan S (2016) Macroalgae and microalgae as a
potential source for commercial applications along with biofuels production: a biorefinery
approach. Renew Sust Energ Rev 55:909–941. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.11.026
Tabatabaei M, Tohidfar M, Jouzani GS, Safarnejad M, Pazouki M (2011) Biodiesel production
from genetically engineered microalgae: future of bioenergy in Iran. Renew Sust Energ Rev
15:1918–1927. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.12.004
Taher H, Al-Zuhair S, Al-Marzouqi AH, Haik Y, Farid M (2014) Effective extraction of microalgae
lipids from wet biomass for biodiesel production. Biomass Bioenergy 66:159–167. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2014.02.034
Trivedi J, Aila M, Bangwal DP, Kaul S, Garg MO (2015) Algae based biorefinery—how to make
sense? Renew Sust Energ Rev 47:295–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.03.052
Uduman N, Qi Y, Danquah MK, Forde GM, Hoadley A (2010) Dewatering of microalgal cultures:
a major bottleneck to algae-based fuels. J Renewable and Sustainable Energy 2:012701. https://
doi.org/10.1063/1.3294480
Ugwu C, Ogbonna J, Tanaka H (2002) Improvement of mass transfer characteristics and
productivities of inclined tubular photobioreactors by installation of internal static mixers.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 58:600–607. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-002-0940-9
236
K. Agrawal et al.
B (2008) Second generation biofuels: high-efficiency microalgae for biodiesel production.
Bioenergy Res 1:20–43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-008-9008-8
Schwarzenbach RP (2006) The challenge of micropollutants in aquatic systems. Science
313:1072–1077. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1127291
Shelef G, Sukenik A, Green M (1984) Microalgae harvesting and processing: a literature review.
United States. https://doi.org/10.2172/6204677
Shuba ES, Kifle D (2018) Microalgae to biofuels: “Promising” alternative and renewable energy,
review. Renew Sust Energ Rev 81:743–755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.08.042
Singh G, Patidar SK (2018) Microalgae harvesting techniques: a review. J Environ Manag
217:499–508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.04.010
Singh RN, Sharma S (2012) Development of suitable photobioreactor for algae production – a
review. Renew Sust Energ Rev 16:2347–2353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.01.026
Singh SP, Kumari S, Rastogi RP, Singh KL, Richa SRP (2010) Photoprotective and biotechnological potentials of cyanobacterial sheath pigment, scytonemin. Afr J Biotechnol 9:580–588.
https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB09.019
Singh A, Nigam PS, Murphy JD (2011) Renewable fuels from algae: an answer to debatable landbased fuels. Bioresour Technol 102:10–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.06.032
Soletto D, Binaghi L, Lodi A, Carvalho JCM, Converti A (2005) Batch and fed-batch cultivations
of Spirulina platensis using ammonium sulphate and urea as nitrogen sources. Aquaculture
243:217–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.10.005
Song T, Mårtensson L, Eriksson T, Zheng W, Rasmussen U (2005) Biodiversity and seasonal
variation of the cyanobacterial assemblage in a rice paddy field in Fujian. China FEMS
Microbiol Ecol 54:131–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.femsec.2005.03.008
Sostaric M, Klinar D, Bricelj M, Golob J, Berovic M, Likozar B (2012) Growth, lipid extraction and
thermal degradation of the microalga Chlorellavulgaris. New Biotechnol 29:325–331. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2011.12.002
Spolaore P, Joannis-Cassan C, Duran E, Isambert A (2006) Commercial applications of microalgae.
J Biosci Bioeng 101:87–96. https://doi.org/10.1263/jbb.101.87
Stevenson CS (2002) The identification and characterization of the marine natural product
scytonemin as a novel antiproliferative pharmacophore. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 303:858–866.
https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.102.036350
Stolz P, Obermayer B (2005) Manufacturing microalgae for skin care. Cosmet Toilet 120:99–106
Suali E, Sarbatly R (2012) Conversion of microalgae to biofuel. Renew Sust Energ Rev
16:4316–4342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.03.047
Suganya T, Varman M, Masjuki HH, Renganathan S (2016) Macroalgae and microalgae as a
potential source for commercial applications along with biofuels production: a biorefinery
approach. Renew Sust Energ Rev 55:909–941. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.11.026
Tabatabaei M, Tohidfar M, Jouzani GS, Safarnejad M, Pazouki M (2011) Biodiesel production
from genetically engineered microalgae: future of bioenergy in Iran. Renew Sust Energ Rev
15:1918–1927. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.12.004
Taher H, Al-Zuhair S, Al-Marzouqi AH, Haik Y, Farid M (2014) Effective extraction of microalgae
lipids from wet biomass for biodiesel production. Biomass Bioenergy 66:159–167. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2014.02.034
Trivedi J, Aila M, Bangwal DP, Kaul S, Garg MO (2015) Algae based biorefinery—how to make
sense? Renew Sust Energ Rev 47:295–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.03.052
Uduman N, Qi Y, Danquah MK, Forde GM, Hoadley A (2010) Dewatering of microalgal cultures:
a major bottleneck to algae-based fuels. J Renewable and Sustainable Energy 2:012701. https://
doi.org/10.1063/1.3294480
Ugwu C, Ogbonna J, Tanaka H (2002) Improvement of mass transfer characteristics and
productivities of inclined tubular photobioreactors by installation of internal static mixers.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 58:600–607. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-002-0940-9
236
K. Agrawal et al.