Rashid N, Rehman MSU, Han J-I (2013) Use of chitosan acid solutions to improve separation
efficiency for harvesting of the microalga Chlorella vulgaris. Chem Eng J 226:238–242. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.04.062
Rashid N, Ur Rehman MS, Sadiq M, Mahmood T, Han J-I (2014) Current status, issues and
developments in microalgae derived biodiesel production. Renew Sust Energ Rev 40:760–778.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.07.104
Rastogi RP, Sinha RP, Incharoensakdi A (2013) Partial characterization, UV-induction and
photoprotective function of sunscreen pigment, scytonemin from Rivularia sp. HKAR-4.
Chemosphere 93:1874–1878. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.06.057
Rastogi RP, Sonani RR, Madamwar D (2014) The high-energy radiation protectant extracellular
sheath pigment scytonemin and its reduced counterpart in the cyanobacterium Scytonema
sp. R77DM. Bioresour Technol 171:396–400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.08.106
Rastogi RP, Pandey A, Larroche C, Madamwar D (2018) Algal Green Energy – R&D and
technological perspectives for biodiesel production. Renew Sust Energ Rev 82:2946–2969.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.10.038
Rawat I, Kumar RR, Mutanda T, Bux F (2011) Dual role of microalgae: phycoremediation of
domestic wastewater and biomass production for sustainable biofuels production. Appl Energy
88:3411–3424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.11.025
Razzak SA, Hossain MM, Lucky RA, Bassi AS, de Lasa H (2013) Integrated CO2 capture,
wastewater treatment and biofuel production by microalgae culturing—a review. Renew Sust
Energ Rev 27:622–653. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.05.063
Renuka N, Guldhe A, Prasanna R, Singh P, Bux F (2018) Microalgae as multi-functional options in
modern agriculture: current trends, prospects and challenges. Biotechnol Adv 36:1255–1273.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.04.004
Richmond A (2000) Microalgal biotechnology at the turn of the millennium: a personal view. J
Appl Phycol 12:441–451. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1008123131307
Richmond A (2004) Handbook of microalgae culture: biotechnology and applied phycology.
Blackwell Science Ltd, Oxford
Richmond A, Cheng-Wu Z, Zarmi Y (2003) Efficient use of strong light for high photosynthetic
productivity: interrelationships between the optical path, the optimal population density and
cell-growth inhibition. Biomol Eng 20:229–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1389-0344(03)
00060-1
Rinaudo M (2006) Chitin and chitosan: properties and applications. Prog Polym Sci 31:603–632.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2006.06.001
Roberts DA, de Nys R, Paul NA (2013) The effect of CO 2 on algal growth in industrial waste water
for bioenergy and bioremediation applications. PLoS One 8:e81631. https://doi.org/10.1371/
journal.pone.0081631
Rodolfi L, Zittelli GC, Bassi N, Padovani G, Biondi N, Bonini G, Tredici MR (2009) Microalgae
for oil: strain selection, induction of lipid synthesis and outdoor mass cultivation in a low-cost
photobioreactor. Biotechnol Bioeng 102:100–112. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.22033
Sahena F, Zaidul ISM, Jinap S, Karim AA, Abbas KA, Norulaini NAN, Omar AKM (2009)
Application of supercritical CO2 in lipid extraction – a review. J Food Eng 95:240–253.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2009.06.026
Salam KA, Velasquez-Orta SB, Harvey AP (2016) A sustainable integrated in situ
transesterification of microalgae for biodiesel production and associated co-product-a review.
Renew Sust Energ Rev 65:1179–1198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.07.068
Salim S, Bosma R, Vermuë MH, Wijffels RH (2010) Harvesting of microalgae by bio-flocculation.
J Appl Phycol 23:849–855. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-010-9591-x
Saratale RG, Kumar G, Banu R, Xia A, Periyasamy S, Saratale GD (2018) A critical review on
anaerobic digestion of microalgae and macroalgae and co-digestion of biomass for enhanced
methane generation. Bioresour Technol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.03.030
8 Algal Biomass: Potential Renewable Feedstock for Biofuels Production – Part I
235
efficiency for harvesting of the microalga Chlorella vulgaris. Chem Eng J 226:238–242. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.04.062
Rashid N, Ur Rehman MS, Sadiq M, Mahmood T, Han J-I (2014) Current status, issues and
developments in microalgae derived biodiesel production. Renew Sust Energ Rev 40:760–778.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.07.104
Rastogi RP, Sinha RP, Incharoensakdi A (2013) Partial characterization, UV-induction and
photoprotective function of sunscreen pigment, scytonemin from Rivularia sp. HKAR-4.
Chemosphere 93:1874–1878. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.06.057
Rastogi RP, Sonani RR, Madamwar D (2014) The high-energy radiation protectant extracellular
sheath pigment scytonemin and its reduced counterpart in the cyanobacterium Scytonema
sp. R77DM. Bioresour Technol 171:396–400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.08.106
Rastogi RP, Pandey A, Larroche C, Madamwar D (2018) Algal Green Energy – R&D and
technological perspectives for biodiesel production. Renew Sust Energ Rev 82:2946–2969.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.10.038
Rawat I, Kumar RR, Mutanda T, Bux F (2011) Dual role of microalgae: phycoremediation of
domestic wastewater and biomass production for sustainable biofuels production. Appl Energy
88:3411–3424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.11.025
Razzak SA, Hossain MM, Lucky RA, Bassi AS, de Lasa H (2013) Integrated CO2 capture,
wastewater treatment and biofuel production by microalgae culturing—a review. Renew Sust
Energ Rev 27:622–653. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.05.063
Renuka N, Guldhe A, Prasanna R, Singh P, Bux F (2018) Microalgae as multi-functional options in
modern agriculture: current trends, prospects and challenges. Biotechnol Adv 36:1255–1273.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.04.004
Richmond A (2000) Microalgal biotechnology at the turn of the millennium: a personal view. J
Appl Phycol 12:441–451. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1008123131307
Richmond A (2004) Handbook of microalgae culture: biotechnology and applied phycology.
Blackwell Science Ltd, Oxford
Richmond A, Cheng-Wu Z, Zarmi Y (2003) Efficient use of strong light for high photosynthetic
productivity: interrelationships between the optical path, the optimal population density and
cell-growth inhibition. Biomol Eng 20:229–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1389-0344(03)
00060-1
Rinaudo M (2006) Chitin and chitosan: properties and applications. Prog Polym Sci 31:603–632.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2006.06.001
Roberts DA, de Nys R, Paul NA (2013) The effect of CO 2 on algal growth in industrial waste water
for bioenergy and bioremediation applications. PLoS One 8:e81631. https://doi.org/10.1371/
journal.pone.0081631
Rodolfi L, Zittelli GC, Bassi N, Padovani G, Biondi N, Bonini G, Tredici MR (2009) Microalgae
for oil: strain selection, induction of lipid synthesis and outdoor mass cultivation in a low-cost
photobioreactor. Biotechnol Bioeng 102:100–112. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.22033
Sahena F, Zaidul ISM, Jinap S, Karim AA, Abbas KA, Norulaini NAN, Omar AKM (2009)
Application of supercritical CO2 in lipid extraction – a review. J Food Eng 95:240–253.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2009.06.026
Salam KA, Velasquez-Orta SB, Harvey AP (2016) A sustainable integrated in situ
transesterification of microalgae for biodiesel production and associated co-product-a review.
Renew Sust Energ Rev 65:1179–1198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.07.068
Salim S, Bosma R, Vermuë MH, Wijffels RH (2010) Harvesting of microalgae by bio-flocculation.
J Appl Phycol 23:849–855. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-010-9591-x
Saratale RG, Kumar G, Banu R, Xia A, Periyasamy S, Saratale GD (2018) A critical review on
anaerobic digestion of microalgae and macroalgae and co-digestion of biomass for enhanced
methane generation. Bioresour Technol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.03.030
8 Algal Biomass: Potential Renewable Feedstock for Biofuels Production – Part I
235