Table 7.4
Ethanol generation from different microalgae and macroalgae using different pretreatment and fermentation method
Algae
Pretreatment and hydrolysis
(liquefaction and saccharification)
Fermentation
Yield
References
Microalgae
Desmodesmus
sp.
Solid load: 10% dry w/v, Dilute H
2 SO
4
(2% v/v) for 20 min at 120
C
S. cerevisiae
incubated at 28
C,
120 rpm for 30 h
Reducing sugar: 137.2 g/L Rizza et al. (2017)
Ethanol titer: 61.2 g/L
Ethanol yield: 0.310g/g
Chlorella vulgaris
FSP-E
Dilute H
2 SO
4 (1% w/v) for 20 min at
121
C and pH 6.
Z. mobilis
incubated at 30
C for 24 h t Reducing sugar: 0.477g/g
Ho et al. (2013)
Ethanol titer: 11.7 g/L
Ethanol yield: 0.233g/g
Nannochloropsis
oculata
Dilute NaOH (0.75% w/v) for 10 min at
RT
S. cerevisiae
incubated at 30
C,
50 rpm for 48 h
Reducing sugar: 1–2.4%
(dw)
Reyimu and
Ízšimen (2017)
Ethanol yield: 0.037 g/g
Chlamydomonas
reinhardtii UTEX
90
Dilute H
2 SO
4 (3% v/v) for 30 min at
110
C
S. cerevisiae
incubated at 30
C for
24 h
Reducing sugar: 0.58 g/g
Nguyen et al.
(2009)
Ethanol titer: 14.6 g/L
Ethanol yield: 0.292g/g
Chlorococum
sp.
Supercritical CO
2 assisted lipid
extraction
SHF using Saccharomyces bayanus
and for 60 h
Ethanol yield: 38.30 %
Harun et al. (2010)
Ethanol concentration:
3.83 g/L from 10 g/L dry
algal biomass
Chlorococcum
infusionum
Dilute NaOH pretreatment (0.75% w/v)
for 30 min at 120
C
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
for 72 h
Glucose yield: 350 mg/g,
Harun et al. (2011)
Ethanol yield: 26.00%
Chlamydomonas
reinhardtii cw15
Sequential treatment of algae with
70
C ethanol, 60
C hexane, and 12 N
H
2 SO
4 at 121
C and 2 atm
Saccharomyces cerevisiae,
SHF, 48 h
Maximum ethanol
concentration:
0.87
Æ 0.01% (m/v)
Scholz et al.
(2013)
Ethanol generation rate:
14
Æ 1 mL/g in 28 h.
Ethanol yield: 44.0%
(continued)
7 Bioethanol Production: Generation-Based Comparative Status Measurements
183
Ethanol generation from different microalgae and macroalgae using different pretreatment and fermentation method
Algae
Pretreatment and hydrolysis
(liquefaction and saccharification)
Fermentation
Yield
References
Microalgae
Desmodesmus
sp.
Solid load: 10% dry w/v, Dilute H
2 SO
4
(2% v/v) for 20 min at 120
C
S. cerevisiae
incubated at 28
C,
120 rpm for 30 h
Reducing sugar: 137.2 g/L Rizza et al. (2017)
Ethanol titer: 61.2 g/L
Ethanol yield: 0.310g/g
Chlorella vulgaris
FSP-E
Dilute H
2 SO
4 (1% w/v) for 20 min at
121
C and pH 6.
Z. mobilis
incubated at 30
C for 24 h t Reducing sugar: 0.477g/g
Ho et al. (2013)
Ethanol titer: 11.7 g/L
Ethanol yield: 0.233g/g
Nannochloropsis
oculata
Dilute NaOH (0.75% w/v) for 10 min at
RT
S. cerevisiae
incubated at 30
C,
50 rpm for 48 h
Reducing sugar: 1–2.4%
(dw)
Reyimu and
Ízšimen (2017)
Ethanol yield: 0.037 g/g
Chlamydomonas
reinhardtii UTEX
90
Dilute H
2 SO
4 (3% v/v) for 30 min at
110
C
S. cerevisiae
incubated at 30
C for
24 h
Reducing sugar: 0.58 g/g
Nguyen et al.
(2009)
Ethanol titer: 14.6 g/L
Ethanol yield: 0.292g/g
Chlorococum
sp.
Supercritical CO
2 assisted lipid
extraction
SHF using Saccharomyces bayanus
and for 60 h
Ethanol yield: 38.30 %
Harun et al. (2010)
Ethanol concentration:
3.83 g/L from 10 g/L dry
algal biomass
Chlorococcum
infusionum
Dilute NaOH pretreatment (0.75% w/v)
for 30 min at 120
C
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
for 72 h
Glucose yield: 350 mg/g,
Harun et al. (2011)
Ethanol yield: 26.00%
Chlamydomonas
reinhardtii cw15
Sequential treatment of algae with
70
C ethanol, 60
C hexane, and 12 N
H
2 SO
4 at 121
C and 2 atm
Saccharomyces cerevisiae,
SHF, 48 h
Maximum ethanol
concentration:
0.87
Æ 0.01% (m/v)
Scholz et al.
(2013)
Ethanol generation rate:
14
Æ 1 mL/g in 28 h.
Ethanol yield: 44.0%
(continued)
7 Bioethanol Production: Generation-Based Comparative Status Measurements
183