5.8
Biogas Plant
As an estimate of biogas production in India in 2014–2015, biogas produced was
around 20,757 lakh cubic meters which is equivalent to 6.6 crore domestic LPG
cylinders. This is equivalent to 5% of the total LPG consumption in the country
today and state-wise Maharashtra tops in the production with 3578 lakh cubic
meters, while second highest biogas production was at Andhra Pradesh that comes
next with 2165 lakh cubic meters.https://factly.in/biogas-production-in-india-isabout-5-percent-of-the-total-lpg-consumption/
5.9
Application of Nanotechnology in Enhancing Biogas
Production
There is now plethora of reports using nanocatalyst for enhancing biogas production.
Three types of catalyst are used: (1) metal oxide, e.g., Cu, Ti, Zn, and mainly Al, Fe,
and Mg, (2) zero valance metals, and (3) carbon nanomaterials.
Cu nanomaterials are reported to have negative effect, while ZnO have positive
effect. Ti, Al, and Si oxide have no effect on methane production (Otero-González
et al. 2014). Fe 2 O 3 has a positive effect on methane production and around 180%
increase was reported after 60 days (Ganzoury and Allam 2015).
5.10 Biogas Global Production Scenario
Leaders in global biogas productions are well-developed biogas industry Germany,
Denmark, Austria, and Sweden followed by the Netherlands, France, Spain, Italy,
the United Kingdom, and Belgium (Horváth et al. 2016). And biogas plants are
classified based on (1) digestion methodology or codigestion (2) farm technology.
Table 5.3 AD feedstock and biogas yield (Seadi et al. 2008)
Substrates
Biogas yield (m
3
/tFF
a )
Methane percent
Liquid pig manure
28
65
Liquid cattle manure
25
60
Distillers grains with soluble
40
61
Pig manure
60
60
Cattle manure
45
60
Chicken manure
80
60
Organic waste
100
61
Beet
88
53
Sweet sorghum
108
54
Grass silage
172
54
Corn silage
202
52
Forage beet
111
51
a Tons fresh feed
132
S. M. Bhatt and S. Bhat
Biogas Plant
As an estimate of biogas production in India in 2014–2015, biogas produced was
around 20,757 lakh cubic meters which is equivalent to 6.6 crore domestic LPG
cylinders. This is equivalent to 5% of the total LPG consumption in the country
today and state-wise Maharashtra tops in the production with 3578 lakh cubic
meters, while second highest biogas production was at Andhra Pradesh that comes
next with 2165 lakh cubic meters.https://factly.in/biogas-production-in-india-isabout-5-percent-of-the-total-lpg-consumption/
5.9
Application of Nanotechnology in Enhancing Biogas
Production
There is now plethora of reports using nanocatalyst for enhancing biogas production.
Three types of catalyst are used: (1) metal oxide, e.g., Cu, Ti, Zn, and mainly Al, Fe,
and Mg, (2) zero valance metals, and (3) carbon nanomaterials.
Cu nanomaterials are reported to have negative effect, while ZnO have positive
effect. Ti, Al, and Si oxide have no effect on methane production (Otero-González
et al. 2014). Fe 2 O 3 has a positive effect on methane production and around 180%
increase was reported after 60 days (Ganzoury and Allam 2015).
5.10 Biogas Global Production Scenario
Leaders in global biogas productions are well-developed biogas industry Germany,
Denmark, Austria, and Sweden followed by the Netherlands, France, Spain, Italy,
the United Kingdom, and Belgium (Horváth et al. 2016). And biogas plants are
classified based on (1) digestion methodology or codigestion (2) farm technology.
Table 5.3 AD feedstock and biogas yield (Seadi et al. 2008)
Substrates
Biogas yield (m
3
/tFF
a )
Methane percent
Liquid pig manure
28
65
Liquid cattle manure
25
60
Distillers grains with soluble
40
61
Pig manure
60
60
Cattle manure
45
60
Chicken manure
80
60
Organic waste
100
61
Beet
88
53
Sweet sorghum
108
54
Grass silage
172
54
Corn silage
202
52
Forage beet
111
51
a Tons fresh feed
132
S. M. Bhatt and S. Bhat