remove suspended/colloidal particulate materials, and reduce phosphate concentrations significantly in sewage treatment. Most recently, researches have reported
using ferrate(VI) to treat emerging micropollutants in water purification processes
(Lee et al. 2005; Jiang et al. 2005). However, the implementation of ferrate
(VI) technology in practice represents a challenge due to the instability of a ferrate
(VI) solution and a high production cost of solid ferrate(VI) products. The research
has been directed at generation and application of ferrate(VI) in situ (Jiang et al.
2009). Practical advantages of ferrate(VI) over the existing water and wastewater
treatment methods can only be demonstrated when water industry is able to implement the technology into full-scale application. To do so, a series of pilot-scale trials
using ferrate(VI) for water and wastewater treatment are needed to establish the
database of the comparative treatment performance and to assess the operating cost
against the existing technologies.
This chapter reviews the field work in drinking water and wastewater treatment
carried out by this author’s team to identify the optimal operating conditions for
using ferrate(VI) as an alternative to currently used chemicals in the treatment of
drinking water and sewage.
12.2 Materials and Methods
12.2.1 Pilot-Scale Trials of Using Ferrate(VI) Coagulation
before Filtration in Drinking Water Treatment
Processes
The pilot plant was designed and set up by Lake Constance Water Supply
according to the parameters shown in Table 12.1. The water flew through a
microsieve filter (15 μm), and then into the customized ozone mixer followed by
seven contact tanks. Next, ferrate(VI) and FeCl 3 were pumped into two flowing
waters to be treated by peristaltic pumps separately with the required volume
dosage. Water/coagulant mixtures were directed into two separate chambers in
which suitable flocculation occurred before the flow entered two parallel filter
columns with similar flow conditions. The filter columns are made of steel tube
Table 12.1 Design parameters of pilot plant filters
Filter parameter
Unit
Details
Total height
m
3.6
Filter area
m
2
0.283
Average flow rate
L/h
~1700
Average flow velocity
m/h
~6
Running time
h
40–100
Filter media
40 cm EVERZIT N (0.8–1.6 mm);
60 cm sand (0.4–0.7 mm);
~18 cm supporting material
290
J.-Q. Jiang
using ferrate(VI) to treat emerging micropollutants in water purification processes
(Lee et al. 2005; Jiang et al. 2005). However, the implementation of ferrate
(VI) technology in practice represents a challenge due to the instability of a ferrate
(VI) solution and a high production cost of solid ferrate(VI) products. The research
has been directed at generation and application of ferrate(VI) in situ (Jiang et al.
2009). Practical advantages of ferrate(VI) over the existing water and wastewater
treatment methods can only be demonstrated when water industry is able to implement the technology into full-scale application. To do so, a series of pilot-scale trials
using ferrate(VI) for water and wastewater treatment are needed to establish the
database of the comparative treatment performance and to assess the operating cost
against the existing technologies.
This chapter reviews the field work in drinking water and wastewater treatment
carried out by this author’s team to identify the optimal operating conditions for
using ferrate(VI) as an alternative to currently used chemicals in the treatment of
drinking water and sewage.
12.2 Materials and Methods
12.2.1 Pilot-Scale Trials of Using Ferrate(VI) Coagulation
before Filtration in Drinking Water Treatment
Processes
The pilot plant was designed and set up by Lake Constance Water Supply
according to the parameters shown in Table 12.1. The water flew through a
microsieve filter (15 μm), and then into the customized ozone mixer followed by
seven contact tanks. Next, ferrate(VI) and FeCl 3 were pumped into two flowing
waters to be treated by peristaltic pumps separately with the required volume
dosage. Water/coagulant mixtures were directed into two separate chambers in
which suitable flocculation occurred before the flow entered two parallel filter
columns with similar flow conditions. The filter columns are made of steel tube
Table 12.1 Design parameters of pilot plant filters
Filter parameter
Unit
Details
Total height
m
3.6
Filter area
m
2
0.283
Average flow rate
L/h
~1700
Average flow velocity
m/h
~6
Running time
h
40–100
Filter media
40 cm EVERZIT N (0.8–1.6 mm);
60 cm sand (0.4–0.7 mm);
~18 cm supporting material
290
J.-Q. Jiang