No of chemical contaminant present in water are generally colourless and cannot
be detected by the human eye. To detect this various technique are used, one of this
technique is the colorimetric technique, this technique measures the chemical
contaminant which reacts with a compound which gives a specific colour, intensity
of colour depending on the concentration of contaminant chemical, if intensity of
colour is high then it indicates more elevated level of chemical it means intensity of
colour is directly proportional to the intensity of chemical contaminant. By using
this technique, we mainly measure the concentration of phenols, phosphorus,
ammonia, chlorine, calcium magnesium, fluorine and heavy metals like arsenic,
mercury, zinc, nickel, cadmium etc. And another chemical compound we analyse
the concentration of calcium and magnesium to determine the hardness of the water.
7 Conclusion
From the information discussed above, it is clear that the future of analytical
methods or biosensors will depend on the achievement of rising advanced technologies, both on a micro and nano scale, as well as material science, the biochemistry of electronics and physics. Environmental pollution is a genuine health
concern throughout the world in various media. It is therefore important to plan and
develop an analytical technique based on biosensors that can detect various pollutants from a wider range. Biosensors for natural pollutant detection, however,
have some limitations that include (a) reaction time, (b) selectivity, (c) sensitivity,
(d) affinity, (e) compatibility, (f) shelf life, and (g) stability, etc. These limitations
should be removed as a competitive analytical device for more effective on-site
implementation. It is important to know, apart from the above, whether the pollutant
is gas (e.g., H 2 S, O 2 , CO, SO x ) or whether it is limited to a phase of the solution. It
is important to note that this type of technique allows researchers to try different
experiments with the varieties of sensor responses with different structural arrays
when designing such structures. Consistently expanding public health concerns
about the impact of pollution on the biological system will increase the demand for
rapid detection of biosensors in the coming years. Despite past and current research
in the advancement of biosensors, there is still a challenge to make biosensors better
and more sensitive to avoid instrumental drift. A thorough study of the related
techniques and sectors is required in this context. This will eventually have an
impact on improving new techniques for biosensors in the future. Nevertheless, in
the future, there will be the advent or requirement of user-friendly and more sensitive biosensors.
76
G. Tripathi et al.
be detected by the human eye. To detect this various technique are used, one of this
technique is the colorimetric technique, this technique measures the chemical
contaminant which reacts with a compound which gives a specific colour, intensity
of colour depending on the concentration of contaminant chemical, if intensity of
colour is high then it indicates more elevated level of chemical it means intensity of
colour is directly proportional to the intensity of chemical contaminant. By using
this technique, we mainly measure the concentration of phenols, phosphorus,
ammonia, chlorine, calcium magnesium, fluorine and heavy metals like arsenic,
mercury, zinc, nickel, cadmium etc. And another chemical compound we analyse
the concentration of calcium and magnesium to determine the hardness of the water.
7 Conclusion
From the information discussed above, it is clear that the future of analytical
methods or biosensors will depend on the achievement of rising advanced technologies, both on a micro and nano scale, as well as material science, the biochemistry of electronics and physics. Environmental pollution is a genuine health
concern throughout the world in various media. It is therefore important to plan and
develop an analytical technique based on biosensors that can detect various pollutants from a wider range. Biosensors for natural pollutant detection, however,
have some limitations that include (a) reaction time, (b) selectivity, (c) sensitivity,
(d) affinity, (e) compatibility, (f) shelf life, and (g) stability, etc. These limitations
should be removed as a competitive analytical device for more effective on-site
implementation. It is important to know, apart from the above, whether the pollutant
is gas (e.g., H 2 S, O 2 , CO, SO x ) or whether it is limited to a phase of the solution. It
is important to note that this type of technique allows researchers to try different
experiments with the varieties of sensor responses with different structural arrays
when designing such structures. Consistently expanding public health concerns
about the impact of pollution on the biological system will increase the demand for
rapid detection of biosensors in the coming years. Despite past and current research
in the advancement of biosensors, there is still a challenge to make biosensors better
and more sensitive to avoid instrumental drift. A thorough study of the related
techniques and sectors is required in this context. This will eventually have an
impact on improving new techniques for biosensors in the future. Nevertheless, in
the future, there will be the advent or requirement of user-friendly and more sensitive biosensors.
76
G. Tripathi et al.