2.1 Classification of Water Pollutants on the Basis of Origin
There are diverse categorizations of water pollution.
1. The two principal sources of water contamination can be observed as Point and
Non-Point.
Point indicates to the contaminants that belong to a lone supply. An example of this
would be effluent discharge from industries in water bodies.
Non-Point, in contrast, means contaminants coming from many sources.
Polluted water after rains that has pass through numerous areas may also be
believed as a Non-point source of contamination.
2. On the bases of source there are two kinds of contaminants natural and
anthropogenic.
Water pollution can be categorized as having whichever natural or anthropogenic
sources. Natural groundwater pollution chiefly owes to geological configuration
with shallow groundwater mass, percolation from low-quality surface water bodies,
salt water invasion, or owing to the consequence of geothermal fluids.
Anthropogenic water pollution is normally attributed to intense application of
farming pesticides and manures, mining desecrates, dumping of industrial effluents,
waste dumping locations and defective well formation [17].
The ionic composition of groundwater is governed by many natural as well as
human induced aspects. Natural factors which have power over water composition
includes precipitation model and quantity, a geological attribute of watershed and
aquifer, meteorological factors and diverse rock-water interaction courses in the
aquifer [12, 13]. Human actions which manipulate the chemical composition of
water comprise discarded of solid devastate, household and industrial desecrate and
mining and farming actions [18]. Sources of water pollution can be either geogenic
or anthropogenic. Anthropogenic activities causing pollution can be further classified into industrial, agricultural and domestic [19]. Despite the fact that industrial
consumption of water is very little in comparison to farming purpose, the
unmanaged dumping of industrial waste matter on land and/or on surface water
bodies make water resources inappropriate for further uses [20, 21].
3 Different Pollutants, Their Sources and Environmental
Impacts
3.1 Nutrients
Nitrate ( NO 3
À )
Domestic sewage and animal excreta water gains N content by degradation of
organic N(R-NH 2 ) by different pathways. Microbial enzymes degrade the organic
Water Pollutants: Sources and Impact on the Environment …
45
There are diverse categorizations of water pollution.
1. The two principal sources of water contamination can be observed as Point and
Non-Point.
Point indicates to the contaminants that belong to a lone supply. An example of this
would be effluent discharge from industries in water bodies.
Non-Point, in contrast, means contaminants coming from many sources.
Polluted water after rains that has pass through numerous areas may also be
believed as a Non-point source of contamination.
2. On the bases of source there are two kinds of contaminants natural and
anthropogenic.
Water pollution can be categorized as having whichever natural or anthropogenic
sources. Natural groundwater pollution chiefly owes to geological configuration
with shallow groundwater mass, percolation from low-quality surface water bodies,
salt water invasion, or owing to the consequence of geothermal fluids.
Anthropogenic water pollution is normally attributed to intense application of
farming pesticides and manures, mining desecrates, dumping of industrial effluents,
waste dumping locations and defective well formation [17].
The ionic composition of groundwater is governed by many natural as well as
human induced aspects. Natural factors which have power over water composition
includes precipitation model and quantity, a geological attribute of watershed and
aquifer, meteorological factors and diverse rock-water interaction courses in the
aquifer [12, 13]. Human actions which manipulate the chemical composition of
water comprise discarded of solid devastate, household and industrial desecrate and
mining and farming actions [18]. Sources of water pollution can be either geogenic
or anthropogenic. Anthropogenic activities causing pollution can be further classified into industrial, agricultural and domestic [19]. Despite the fact that industrial
consumption of water is very little in comparison to farming purpose, the
unmanaged dumping of industrial waste matter on land and/or on surface water
bodies make water resources inappropriate for further uses [20, 21].
3 Different Pollutants, Their Sources and Environmental
Impacts
3.1 Nutrients
Nitrate ( NO 3
À )
Domestic sewage and animal excreta water gains N content by degradation of
organic N(R-NH 2 ) by different pathways. Microbial enzymes degrade the organic
Water Pollutants: Sources and Impact on the Environment …
45