Materials in Bio-Sensing of Water
Pollutants
Rupika Sinha, Shipra Dwivedi, Avishek Kumar
and Pradeep Srivastava
Abstract The continual increase of harmful pollutants in water has posed severe
threats to the different types of flora and fauna, either directly or through the food
web. They have become a source of origin of various infectious diseases which
deteriorates animal and human health. This serious issue has led to the emergence
of various technologies for the detection of water-based pollutants so that their
presence could be revealed as well as treated. Various chemical methods have been
developed for this purpose. Still, there is scope for simple, robust, accurate and
economical techniques for rapid identification of such pollutants. For this purpose,
different types of biosensors have been designed which either serve as an alternative
or support to chemical sensors. The biosensors are analytical devices made by
integrating a biological material or biomimetic based on its biochemical role with a
transducer. These biological materials could be biomolecules such as antibodies,
enzymes, nucleic acids or other natural products. This chapter aims at providing an
insight of such biosensing devices and their materials which are used for monitoring
the water quality.
Keywords Water quality Á Detection methods Á Biosensors Á Pollutants Á
Biomaterials
R. Sinha Á S. Dwivedi
Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Technology, Harcourt Butler
Technical University, Kanpur, UP, India
e-mail: sinha.rupika@gmail.com
S. Dwivedi
e-mail: dwivediship.19@gmail.com
A. Kumar
Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, India
e-mail: kumar.avishek07@gmail.com
P. Srivastava (&)
School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu
University) Varanasi, Varanasi 221005, India
e-mail: pksrivastava.bce@itbhu.ac.in
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020
D. Pooja et al. (eds.), Sensors in Water Pollutants Monitoring: Role of Material,
Advanced Functional Materials and Sensors,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0671-0_11
187
Pollutants
Rupika Sinha, Shipra Dwivedi, Avishek Kumar
and Pradeep Srivastava
Abstract The continual increase of harmful pollutants in water has posed severe
threats to the different types of flora and fauna, either directly or through the food
web. They have become a source of origin of various infectious diseases which
deteriorates animal and human health. This serious issue has led to the emergence
of various technologies for the detection of water-based pollutants so that their
presence could be revealed as well as treated. Various chemical methods have been
developed for this purpose. Still, there is scope for simple, robust, accurate and
economical techniques for rapid identification of such pollutants. For this purpose,
different types of biosensors have been designed which either serve as an alternative
or support to chemical sensors. The biosensors are analytical devices made by
integrating a biological material or biomimetic based on its biochemical role with a
transducer. These biological materials could be biomolecules such as antibodies,
enzymes, nucleic acids or other natural products. This chapter aims at providing an
insight of such biosensing devices and their materials which are used for monitoring
the water quality.
Keywords Water quality Á Detection methods Á Biosensors Á Pollutants Á
Biomaterials
R. Sinha Á S. Dwivedi
Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Technology, Harcourt Butler
Technical University, Kanpur, UP, India
e-mail: sinha.rupika@gmail.com
S. Dwivedi
e-mail: dwivediship.19@gmail.com
A. Kumar
Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, India
e-mail: kumar.avishek07@gmail.com
P. Srivastava (&)
School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu
University) Varanasi, Varanasi 221005, India
e-mail: pksrivastava.bce@itbhu.ac.in
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020
D. Pooja et al. (eds.), Sensors in Water Pollutants Monitoring: Role of Material,
Advanced Functional Materials and Sensors,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0671-0_11
187