as they thought, it’s good for their health. For the benefit of industry, the Industrial
Revolution of the 1800s saw little care for the ecological impact. Many chemical
substances have been dumped into the rivers. At that time, people were not concerned about the environmental impact of their inventions [5].
After World War-II: Besides contaminants such as human waste, composts,
leather tanning and slaughtering waste, the development of industries and factories
had also resulted in much water pollution problems. As waste from industries
dumped into river freely without care about the environment were affecting ecology
and humans, including flora and fauna [6].
1969: After a series of fires on the Cuyahoga River in 1969, it was realized that fires
were triggered by oil slicks and dumped into it by flammable industrial waste. The
government then began the studies that allowed the 1972 Clean Water Act to be
enacted [4].
Present Day: Many people still do not know how to guard themselves against
chemical toxins and waterborne diseases, even with this act. Many cleanups on a
large scale have been going on for years [1] (Fig. 1 represents different studies that
had done in different sites to check contamination of water).
3 Origin of Water Pollution
The origin of pollutants can be attributed to their fundamental occurrence on earth,
the development of natural products by transformation, and their man-made synthesis. The particulates might well arise indeed very naturally to form part of the
ecological background exposure levels Many of them are excreted by the organisms or detoxified. Examples of some pollutants that occur naturally are nitrogen
oxides, heavy metals. Hydrocarbons and substances that are radioactive [7].
Some pollutants can be formed during their domestic, agricultural or industrial
use by concentration and transformation of naturally occurring compounds. The
generation of sewage and waste waters comprising agrochemicals, pesticides,
petrochemicals hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and radio nuclides are some important
examples of pollutants that have emerged from this.
Many of the chemicals do not occur in the nature and the pollution they cause is
entirely manmade. For example, the synthesis of various pesticides, surfactants,
plastics and petrochemicals has created a large number of chemicals in the environment that have created serious environmental problems [2].
Figure 2 represents how the release of toxic chemicals can be done and how
humans and animals get affected with the contaminated water.
8
J. Singh et al.
Revolution of the 1800s saw little care for the ecological impact. Many chemical
substances have been dumped into the rivers. At that time, people were not concerned about the environmental impact of their inventions [5].
After World War-II: Besides contaminants such as human waste, composts,
leather tanning and slaughtering waste, the development of industries and factories
had also resulted in much water pollution problems. As waste from industries
dumped into river freely without care about the environment were affecting ecology
and humans, including flora and fauna [6].
1969: After a series of fires on the Cuyahoga River in 1969, it was realized that fires
were triggered by oil slicks and dumped into it by flammable industrial waste. The
government then began the studies that allowed the 1972 Clean Water Act to be
enacted [4].
Present Day: Many people still do not know how to guard themselves against
chemical toxins and waterborne diseases, even with this act. Many cleanups on a
large scale have been going on for years [1] (Fig. 1 represents different studies that
had done in different sites to check contamination of water).
3 Origin of Water Pollution
The origin of pollutants can be attributed to their fundamental occurrence on earth,
the development of natural products by transformation, and their man-made synthesis. The particulates might well arise indeed very naturally to form part of the
ecological background exposure levels Many of them are excreted by the organisms or detoxified. Examples of some pollutants that occur naturally are nitrogen
oxides, heavy metals. Hydrocarbons and substances that are radioactive [7].
Some pollutants can be formed during their domestic, agricultural or industrial
use by concentration and transformation of naturally occurring compounds. The
generation of sewage and waste waters comprising agrochemicals, pesticides,
petrochemicals hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and radio nuclides are some important
examples of pollutants that have emerged from this.
Many of the chemicals do not occur in the nature and the pollution they cause is
entirely manmade. For example, the synthesis of various pesticides, surfactants,
plastics and petrochemicals has created a large number of chemicals in the environment that have created serious environmental problems [2].
Figure 2 represents how the release of toxic chemicals can be done and how
humans and animals get affected with the contaminated water.
8
J. Singh et al.