elevated temperatures for a short time period of only a couple of minutes (see
Fig. 3.10). Temperature as well as pressure speed up the extraction leading to a
sufficient yield in short time and can be varied adapted to the extraction problem.
Further advantages are the small amount of extractants (typically 5–40 mL) as well
as the possibility to fully automatize the procedure (as illustrated in Fig. 3.10).
However, there are further extraction techniques also using the external input of
energy to accelerate and optimize the extraction. These techniques just differ in the
type of energy comprising ultrasonication, microwaves or stirring energy. The
corresponding implementations are illustrated in Fig. 3.11.
Gas
cylinder
Solvent
Pump
Oven
Extract ion
cell
Valve
CollecƟon
vial
Fig. 3.10 The principal composition of ASE device
Ultrasonic extract ion
Dispersion extract ion
Microwave extract ion
Fig. 3.11 Various types of extraction approaches using external energy supply for improving the
extraction process
3.2 Extraction
27
Fig. 3.10). Temperature as well as pressure speed up the extraction leading to a
sufficient yield in short time and can be varied adapted to the extraction problem.
Further advantages are the small amount of extractants (typically 5–40 mL) as well
as the possibility to fully automatize the procedure (as illustrated in Fig. 3.10).
However, there are further extraction techniques also using the external input of
energy to accelerate and optimize the extraction. These techniques just differ in the
type of energy comprising ultrasonication, microwaves or stirring energy. The
corresponding implementations are illustrated in Fig. 3.11.
Gas
cylinder
Solvent
Pump
Oven
Extract ion
cell
Valve
CollecƟon
vial
Fig. 3.10 The principal composition of ASE device
Ultrasonic extract ion
Dispersion extract ion
Microwave extract ion
Fig. 3.11 Various types of extraction approaches using external energy supply for improving the
extraction process
3.2 Extraction
27