7 Aptamers for Personalized Therapeutics
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Table 7.1 Aptamers for cancer therapy in clinical trials
No
Disease
Target
Aptamer drug
Type of study (clinical
trials)
1
Age-related macular
degeneration
Retinal vein
occlusion
Diabetic macular
edema
VEGF
Pegaptanib
(Macugen®)
Phase IV, recruiting
(NCT01573572)
2
Colorectal cancer
PTK7
68 Ga-Sgc8
Early-phase I
(NCT03385148)
3
AML
Advanced solid
tumors
Metastatic renal cell
carcinoma
NF-κB, BCL-2
AS1411
(AGRO-100)
Phase II completed
(NCT01034410)
Phase I, completed
(NCT00881244)
Phase II, unknown
(NCT00740441)
4
Multiple myelomas
Chronic lymphocytic
Leukemia metastatic
colorectal cancer
CXCL12
NOX-A12
(Speigelmer®)
Phase II, completed
(NCT01521533)
Phase II, completed
(NCT01486797)
Phase I
(NCT03168139)
5
Intracranial embolism
cerebral
Thromboembolism
carotid stenosis
C5
ARC1779
Phase II, terminated
(NCT00742612)
6
Type 2 diabetes
mellitus
Mellitus albuminuria
Chemokine (C–C
motif) ligand 2
NOX-E36
Phase II, completed
(NCT01547897)
7
Macular degeneration PDGF
E10030
Phase I, completed
(NCT005691400
8
Hemophilia
TFPI
ARC19499
Phase I, terminated
(NCT01191372)
9
Coronary artery
disease
REG1
Phase II, completed
(NCT00715455)
VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor, PTK7: Protein tyrosine kinase-7, NF-κB: Nuclear factor
kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells, CXCL12: Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12,
C5: Complement component 5, PDGF: Platelet-derived growth factor, TFPI: Tissue factor pathway
inhibitor [32]
7.2 Aptamers as Unique Therapeutic Molecules
Traditional cancer chemotherapy suffers from severe side effects and low therapeutic
index. The use of DNA aptamers either alone as a therapeutic agent, or in combination
with nanomaterials as a targeting agent, has shown great promise for the improvement
of anticancer efficacy while reducing side effects.