122
B. Liu et al.
to better understand the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oxytocin in
the mother, fetus and newborn. Brendan Carvalho, Stanford University, is leading
a clinical trial “Non-Invasive, Highly Specific Detection of Oxytocin in Biological
Fluids” collaborated with Giner, Inc, Aptagen, LLC, Fraunhofer Center for Manufacturing Innovation, and Rose Biotech, LLC [20]. This study was aimed to provide
a bedside oxytocin monitor for rapid and highly sensitive detection of perinatal salivary oxytocin by noninvasive protocol that would allow healthcare professionals to
improve pharmacokinetic/dynamic understanding of oxytocin and to monitor and
adjust the dose of oxytocin administered during childbirth. Novel aptamer-based
electrochemical assay for the detection and quantification of salivary oxytocin was
to compare with the standard methods of detection for blood oxytocin levels in this
clinical trial.
Ramon Bataller, University of Pittsburgh, started a clinical trial of “Integrated
Approaches for Identifying Molecular Targets in Liver Disease” in June 2019 [21].
The aims of this proposal were to provide a framework for successful clinical trials
which tested novel targets in liver disease, to identify cellular and molecular promotor
of liver disease as well as to study the determinants and give a molecular classification
or key drivers of disease progression. Aptamers would be applied in the analysis of
plasma and peripheral blood cells from groups of patients with different disease
prognosis through high-throughput proteomics and single cell RNA sequencing
devices and procedures, respectively. Consecutive patients admitted with steatohepatitis (alcoholic or nonalcoholic) would be enrolled in this study, and their liver
tissue, blood and stool would be collected to discover and identify the factors related
to diagnosis, severity, development of decompensations, histological characteristics,
progression of disease and survival. Data acquired would be integrated with liver
RNA sequencing to analyze relevant liver fingerprints in plasma.
Schwartz et al. possess several patents on aptamer-based in vivo and in vitro diagnostic systems [22–25]. One system was for measuring and/or monitoring an analyte
present in interstitial fluid in skin, including a substrate that might be implanted
into the skin as well as a reader device. The substrate included a sensor comprising
aptamer conjugates and was configured to record one or more measurements related
to the analytes in interstitial fluid. The reader device was configured to detect the
analyte in the interstitial fluid by linking to the substrate. Another system was for
modulating a response signal, which included aptamer conjugates configured to associate with target analytes, a detector configured to analyze the body-emitted analyte
response signal, a modulation source to modulate the analyte response signal, and
a processor for non-invasively detection of the target analytes by differentiating
the analyte response signal from a background signal. The analyte response signal
depended on the binding interaction of the previously mentioned aptamer-particle
conjugates with the target analytes. In some examples, magnetic particles as well
as a magnetic field source sufficient to distribute the magnetic particles to a specific
spatial arrangement in the body might also be included in the system.
Hall et al. [26] disclosed an in-toilet urinalysis system using aptamer-mediated
sensors to detect analytes in a user’s urine in their patent. The medical toilet included
a detection device, which could detect the signal produced by the bound aptamers.
B. Liu et al.
to better understand the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oxytocin in
the mother, fetus and newborn. Brendan Carvalho, Stanford University, is leading
a clinical trial “Non-Invasive, Highly Specific Detection of Oxytocin in Biological
Fluids” collaborated with Giner, Inc, Aptagen, LLC, Fraunhofer Center for Manufacturing Innovation, and Rose Biotech, LLC [20]. This study was aimed to provide
a bedside oxytocin monitor for rapid and highly sensitive detection of perinatal salivary oxytocin by noninvasive protocol that would allow healthcare professionals to
improve pharmacokinetic/dynamic understanding of oxytocin and to monitor and
adjust the dose of oxytocin administered during childbirth. Novel aptamer-based
electrochemical assay for the detection and quantification of salivary oxytocin was
to compare with the standard methods of detection for blood oxytocin levels in this
clinical trial.
Ramon Bataller, University of Pittsburgh, started a clinical trial of “Integrated
Approaches for Identifying Molecular Targets in Liver Disease” in June 2019 [21].
The aims of this proposal were to provide a framework for successful clinical trials
which tested novel targets in liver disease, to identify cellular and molecular promotor
of liver disease as well as to study the determinants and give a molecular classification
or key drivers of disease progression. Aptamers would be applied in the analysis of
plasma and peripheral blood cells from groups of patients with different disease
prognosis through high-throughput proteomics and single cell RNA sequencing
devices and procedures, respectively. Consecutive patients admitted with steatohepatitis (alcoholic or nonalcoholic) would be enrolled in this study, and their liver
tissue, blood and stool would be collected to discover and identify the factors related
to diagnosis, severity, development of decompensations, histological characteristics,
progression of disease and survival. Data acquired would be integrated with liver
RNA sequencing to analyze relevant liver fingerprints in plasma.
Schwartz et al. possess several patents on aptamer-based in vivo and in vitro diagnostic systems [22–25]. One system was for measuring and/or monitoring an analyte
present in interstitial fluid in skin, including a substrate that might be implanted
into the skin as well as a reader device. The substrate included a sensor comprising
aptamer conjugates and was configured to record one or more measurements related
to the analytes in interstitial fluid. The reader device was configured to detect the
analyte in the interstitial fluid by linking to the substrate. Another system was for
modulating a response signal, which included aptamer conjugates configured to associate with target analytes, a detector configured to analyze the body-emitted analyte
response signal, a modulation source to modulate the analyte response signal, and
a processor for non-invasively detection of the target analytes by differentiating
the analyte response signal from a background signal. The analyte response signal
depended on the binding interaction of the previously mentioned aptamer-particle
conjugates with the target analytes. In some examples, magnetic particles as well
as a magnetic field source sufficient to distribute the magnetic particles to a specific
spatial arrangement in the body might also be included in the system.
Hall et al. [26] disclosed an in-toilet urinalysis system using aptamer-mediated
sensors to detect analytes in a user’s urine in their patent. The medical toilet included
a detection device, which could detect the signal produced by the bound aptamers.