Index
353
Subdural hygroma, 183
vs. external hydrocephalus,
183–184
Subthalamic nucleus, 16, 21
Superficial cerebral veins, 28, 35
Surgical simulation system
algorithms for, 249–251
hourglassing, 258
volumetric locking, 257
Sylvian fissure, 8
Syringomyelia, 229–230
T
Talairach stereotactic coordinate system, 16,
23
Taylor series, 252
TBIs, see Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs)
Tensile properties, of brain tissue, 83–84
Three dimensions (3D)
cerebral models, 6
stereotactic target structure, 16, 23
vascular variants, 30–31, 36
See also Human brain anatomy, in 3D
Total Human Model for Safety (THUMS),
103
Total Lagrangian Explicit Dynamics (TLED)
finite element algorithm, 250, 275
Total Lagrangian (TL) formulation, 249
Toyota Central R&D Labs, 103
Transient deformation, 232
Transient load, 246
Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs)
finite element model (see Finite element
(FE) model)
incidence and prevalence, 97–98
mechanisms, 98–100
Tumour resection, constraint-based simulation
during
before surgery
geometry, 329
mechanical coupling, 330–331
vascular tree segmentation, 329–330
biomechanical model
constitutive law and parameters,
332–333
constraints, 333
solving process, 333–334
clinical evaluation
experiments, 339–340
intraoperative steps, 341–342
practicability, 340
preoperative steps, 341
quantitative and qualitative
observations, 338–339
intraoperative datasets
probe footprint from B-mode ultrasound
images, 331, 332
vascular tree from power Doppler
ultrasound images, 331
iterative registration process
boundary conditions, 334
computing pairings, 335
cortical surface, 334
filtering pairings, 336
sliding constraints, 336–337
vessels registration, 334
U
Uncertainty, 334
Unilateral constraints, 333
University College Dublin, 103
University College Dublin Brain Trauma
Model (UCDBTM), 103
University of Strasbourg, 102
Updated Lagrangian formulation, 249, 251
V
Vascular tree
from power Doppler ultrasound images,
331
segmentation of, 329–330
Vasogenic waves, 200
Venous system
cerebral veins, 28, 35, 36
dural sinuses, 26, 34
parcellation, 25, 26, 32–33
Ventricular space, 225–226
Ventricular system, 15
Ventriculo-peritoneal shunting, 183
Ventrointermediate nucleus, 16, 21
Vivid E9 ultrasound scanner, 341
Volumetric locking, 257, 262–264
W
Wake Forest University, 103
Warrior Injury Assessment Manikin (WIAan),
122
Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI), 102
Y
Young’s modulus, 244, 248, 249, 324
353
Subdural hygroma, 183
vs. external hydrocephalus,
183–184
Subthalamic nucleus, 16, 21
Superficial cerebral veins, 28, 35
Surgical simulation system
algorithms for, 249–251
hourglassing, 258
volumetric locking, 257
Sylvian fissure, 8
Syringomyelia, 229–230
T
Talairach stereotactic coordinate system, 16,
23
Taylor series, 252
TBIs, see Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs)
Tensile properties, of brain tissue, 83–84
Three dimensions (3D)
cerebral models, 6
stereotactic target structure, 16, 23
vascular variants, 30–31, 36
See also Human brain anatomy, in 3D
Total Human Model for Safety (THUMS),
103
Total Lagrangian Explicit Dynamics (TLED)
finite element algorithm, 250, 275
Total Lagrangian (TL) formulation, 249
Toyota Central R&D Labs, 103
Transient deformation, 232
Transient load, 246
Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs)
finite element model (see Finite element
(FE) model)
incidence and prevalence, 97–98
mechanisms, 98–100
Tumour resection, constraint-based simulation
during
before surgery
geometry, 329
mechanical coupling, 330–331
vascular tree segmentation, 329–330
biomechanical model
constitutive law and parameters,
332–333
constraints, 333
solving process, 333–334
clinical evaluation
experiments, 339–340
intraoperative steps, 341–342
practicability, 340
preoperative steps, 341
quantitative and qualitative
observations, 338–339
intraoperative datasets
probe footprint from B-mode ultrasound
images, 331, 332
vascular tree from power Doppler
ultrasound images, 331
iterative registration process
boundary conditions, 334
computing pairings, 335
cortical surface, 334
filtering pairings, 336
sliding constraints, 336–337
vessels registration, 334
U
Uncertainty, 334
Unilateral constraints, 333
University College Dublin, 103
University College Dublin Brain Trauma
Model (UCDBTM), 103
University of Strasbourg, 102
Updated Lagrangian formulation, 249, 251
V
Vascular tree
from power Doppler ultrasound images,
331
segmentation of, 329–330
Vasogenic waves, 200
Venous system
cerebral veins, 28, 35, 36
dural sinuses, 26, 34
parcellation, 25, 26, 32–33
Ventricular space, 225–226
Ventricular system, 15
Ventriculo-peritoneal shunting, 183
Ventrointermediate nucleus, 16, 21
Vivid E9 ultrasound scanner, 341
Volumetric locking, 257, 262–264
W
Wake Forest University, 103
Warrior Injury Assessment Manikin (WIAan),
122
Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI), 102
Y
Young’s modulus, 244, 248, 249, 324
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