350
Index
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
(fMRI)
brain deformation, 304
clinical applications, 55–59
structural and functional, 48–49
G
Gaussian quadrature, 279, 280
Geometry, biomechanical model, 168–170
applications, 138
meshing algorithm, 140
Meshless Total Lagrangian Explicit
Dynamics, 140, 141
neurosurgery accuracy, 138–139
numerical model, 140
segmentation, 139
Gershgorin’s theorem, 254, 287
Glial tumors, 58
Global Human Body Modelling Consortium
(GHBMC), 102
Globus pallidus interna, 16, 22
Graphics processing unit (GPU), 245, 259–260
H
Hexahedral elements, 261, 264
Higher-resolution PET scanners, 53
Hourglass control algorithm, 258, 261–262
Human brain anatomy, in 3D
central nervous system, 5
connectional neuroanatomy
association tracts, 34–35, 38
commissural tracts, 31, 34, 37
projection tracts, 36, 37, 39
white matter connections, 31, 37
neuroanatomy, 5
recent extension and future brain atlas
developments, 38–40
structural neuroanatomy
brain parcellation, 6–10
cortical areas, 10–12
deep grey nuclei, 12–14
functional areas, 16, 22, 24–25
planar, 16–20
stereotactic target, 16, 21–23
ventricular system, 15
vascular neuroanatomy
arterial system, 22–24, 26–31
vascular variants, 30–31, 36
venous system, 25–26, 28, 32–38
Hydrocephalus, acute, 201, 202
Hypercapnia, 59
Hyperelastic models, 85
I
Image-guided neurosurgery, 136–137
Image-guided neurosurgical robot, 2
Improved Averaged Nodal Pressure (IANP),
262, 263
Infusion test, 188–189
Injury biomechanics, algorithms for, 246–249
Insula, 8
International Consortium for Brain Mapping
(ICBM), 103
Intracranial EEG (iEEG), 51–52
Intracranial volume change (IVC), 198
Intraoperative MRI (iMRI) systems, 307–308
Intraoperative ultrasound (iUS), 308, 313
Intrathecal drug delivery, 231–232
Iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm, 333,
335
J
Jacobian matrix, 330
K
Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) system, 333
Kolmogorov’s theory, 221
L
LabelStatistics module, 169
Laser range scanning (LSR), 311
Lattice Boltzmann method, 221, 224
Linear viscoelastic properties, of brain tissue
elastography measurement, 75–78
measurement, 75
oscillatory loading test, 73–74
relaxation, 74–75
LS-DYNA, 258, 266, 267
Lumbar infusion, 200
M
Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE),
75–76
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
brain tumour, 305
clinical applications, 55
phase-contrast (see Phase-contrast
magnetic resonance imaging)
structural and functional, 48
Magnetoencephalography (MEG), 49–51, 60
Malignant brain tumours, functional mapping
in, 58–59
Mammalian brain, 1
Index
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
(fMRI)
brain deformation, 304
clinical applications, 55–59
structural and functional, 48–49
G
Gaussian quadrature, 279, 280
Geometry, biomechanical model, 168–170
applications, 138
meshing algorithm, 140
Meshless Total Lagrangian Explicit
Dynamics, 140, 141
neurosurgery accuracy, 138–139
numerical model, 140
segmentation, 139
Gershgorin’s theorem, 254, 287
Glial tumors, 58
Global Human Body Modelling Consortium
(GHBMC), 102
Globus pallidus interna, 16, 22
Graphics processing unit (GPU), 245, 259–260
H
Hexahedral elements, 261, 264
Higher-resolution PET scanners, 53
Hourglass control algorithm, 258, 261–262
Human brain anatomy, in 3D
central nervous system, 5
connectional neuroanatomy
association tracts, 34–35, 38
commissural tracts, 31, 34, 37
projection tracts, 36, 37, 39
white matter connections, 31, 37
neuroanatomy, 5
recent extension and future brain atlas
developments, 38–40
structural neuroanatomy
brain parcellation, 6–10
cortical areas, 10–12
deep grey nuclei, 12–14
functional areas, 16, 22, 24–25
planar, 16–20
stereotactic target, 16, 21–23
ventricular system, 15
vascular neuroanatomy
arterial system, 22–24, 26–31
vascular variants, 30–31, 36
venous system, 25–26, 28, 32–38
Hydrocephalus, acute, 201, 202
Hypercapnia, 59
Hyperelastic models, 85
I
Image-guided neurosurgery, 136–137
Image-guided neurosurgical robot, 2
Improved Averaged Nodal Pressure (IANP),
262, 263
Infusion test, 188–189
Injury biomechanics, algorithms for, 246–249
Insula, 8
International Consortium for Brain Mapping
(ICBM), 103
Intracranial EEG (iEEG), 51–52
Intracranial volume change (IVC), 198
Intraoperative MRI (iMRI) systems, 307–308
Intraoperative ultrasound (iUS), 308, 313
Intrathecal drug delivery, 231–232
Iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm, 333,
335
J
Jacobian matrix, 330
K
Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) system, 333
Kolmogorov’s theory, 221
L
LabelStatistics module, 169
Laser range scanning (LSR), 311
Lattice Boltzmann method, 221, 224
Linear viscoelastic properties, of brain tissue
elastography measurement, 75–78
measurement, 75
oscillatory loading test, 73–74
relaxation, 74–75
LS-DYNA, 258, 266, 267
Lumbar infusion, 200
M
Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE),
75–76
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
brain tumour, 305
clinical applications, 55
phase-contrast (see Phase-contrast
magnetic resonance imaging)
structural and functional, 48
Magnetoencephalography (MEG), 49–51, 60
Malignant brain tumours, functional mapping
in, 58–59
Mammalian brain, 1