63
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
A. Khan et al. (eds.), E-waste Recycling and Management,
Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World 33,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14184-4_4
Chapter 4
Recent Technologies in Electronic-Waste
Management
Mohamed Aboughaly and Hossam A. Gabbar
Contents
4.1 Introduction and Overview
65
4.1.1 The Problem Scale
67
4.1.2 Collection Practices of Electronic-Waste
68
4.1.3 Challenges and Influences on Electronic Recycling
70
4.1.4 The Recycling Hierarchy and Recyclable Markets
70
4.1.5 Waste Electric and Electronic Management and Control Regulations
71
4.2 Material Composition in Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment
72
4.3 Current and Future Electronic-Waste Management Technologies
72
4.3.1 Photovoltaic Panels
73
4.3.2 Cathode Ray Tube Displays, Liquid Crystal Displays
and Light-Emitting Diode Displays and Monitors
73
4.3.3 Computers, Notebooks and Laptops
74
4.3.4 Cell Phones and Smartphones
74
4.3.5 Thermal Plasma Technology in Electronic-Waste Recycling
75
4.4 Conclusion
76
References
78
Abstract The electrical and electronic industry generates more than 50 million
metric tonnes of Electronic-waste annually from discarded and obsolete equipment.
According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), 7 million tonnes of electronic equipment become obsolete each year, making Electronic-waste the most
rapidly growing waste stream in the world. Electronic-waste often contains hazardous materials as well as base metals such as zinc, copper and iron that can reach up
to 60.2% in Electronic-waste products such as refrigerators, washing machines and
TVs. Global legislation and regulations play an important role in Electronic-waste
recycling strategies and cover 66% of electronic industry practices; most importantly to be mentioned are waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE)
M. Aboughaly (*) · H. A. Gabbar
Faculty of Energy Systems and Nuclear Science, and Faculty of Engineering
and Applied Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON, Canada
e-mail: mohamed.aboughaly@uoit.net; hossam.gabbar@uoit.ca
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
A. Khan et al. (eds.), E-waste Recycling and Management,
Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World 33,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14184-4_4
Chapter 4
Recent Technologies in Electronic-Waste
Management
Mohamed Aboughaly and Hossam A. Gabbar
Contents
4.1 Introduction and Overview
65
4.1.1 The Problem Scale
67
4.1.2 Collection Practices of Electronic-Waste
68
4.1.3 Challenges and Influences on Electronic Recycling
70
4.1.4 The Recycling Hierarchy and Recyclable Markets
70
4.1.5 Waste Electric and Electronic Management and Control Regulations
71
4.2 Material Composition in Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment
72
4.3 Current and Future Electronic-Waste Management Technologies
72
4.3.1 Photovoltaic Panels
73
4.3.2 Cathode Ray Tube Displays, Liquid Crystal Displays
and Light-Emitting Diode Displays and Monitors
73
4.3.3 Computers, Notebooks and Laptops
74
4.3.4 Cell Phones and Smartphones
74
4.3.5 Thermal Plasma Technology in Electronic-Waste Recycling
75
4.4 Conclusion
76
References
78
Abstract The electrical and electronic industry generates more than 50 million
metric tonnes of Electronic-waste annually from discarded and obsolete equipment.
According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), 7 million tonnes of electronic equipment become obsolete each year, making Electronic-waste the most
rapidly growing waste stream in the world. Electronic-waste often contains hazardous materials as well as base metals such as zinc, copper and iron that can reach up
to 60.2% in Electronic-waste products such as refrigerators, washing machines and
TVs. Global legislation and regulations play an important role in Electronic-waste
recycling strategies and cover 66% of electronic industry practices; most importantly to be mentioned are waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE)
M. Aboughaly (*) · H. A. Gabbar
Faculty of Energy Systems and Nuclear Science, and Faculty of Engineering
and Applied Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON, Canada
e-mail: mohamed.aboughaly@uoit.net; hossam.gabbar@uoit.ca