Chapter 8
Endogenous Radionanomedicine:
Biodistribution and Imaging
Hongyoon Choi and Dong Soo Lee
Abstract In vivo distribution of extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important in
clinical application. Recently, tracking methods have been developed to monitor
EVs in vivo. It ranged from fluorescence imaging to clinically available radionuclide imaging or magnetic resonance imaging. Each method has pros and cons in
terms of capability of quantification, penetration depth, availability and clinical
translatability. We introduce currently available labeling methods for imaging and
their advantages and disadvantages. These imaging methods have elucidated the
in vivo biodistribution of EVs. However, technical factors such as isolation,
labeling methods and administration methods as well as biological factors including
cell sources have resulted in variability of biodistribution patterns. We also review
biodistribution results of EVs and what impacts on biodistribution.
8.1 Methods for Imaging Extracellular Vesicles
8.1.1 Overall Strategy for the Labeling
For the clinical application of extracellular vesicles (EVs), in vivo tracking methods
are crucial as their physiologic properties could determine therapeutic efficacy and
potential toxicity. A better understanding of biodistribution of EVs upon systemic
H. Choi (&) Á D. S. Lee
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University
College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
e-mail: chy1000@snu.ac.kr
D. S. Lee
e-mail: dsl@snu.ac.kr
H. Choi Á D. S. Lee
Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences,
Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology,
College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University,
Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018
D. S. Lee (ed.), Radionanomedicine, Biological and Medical Physics,
Biomedical Engineering, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67720-0_8
153
Endogenous Radionanomedicine:
Biodistribution and Imaging
Hongyoon Choi and Dong Soo Lee
Abstract In vivo distribution of extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important in
clinical application. Recently, tracking methods have been developed to monitor
EVs in vivo. It ranged from fluorescence imaging to clinically available radionuclide imaging or magnetic resonance imaging. Each method has pros and cons in
terms of capability of quantification, penetration depth, availability and clinical
translatability. We introduce currently available labeling methods for imaging and
their advantages and disadvantages. These imaging methods have elucidated the
in vivo biodistribution of EVs. However, technical factors such as isolation,
labeling methods and administration methods as well as biological factors including
cell sources have resulted in variability of biodistribution patterns. We also review
biodistribution results of EVs and what impacts on biodistribution.
8.1 Methods for Imaging Extracellular Vesicles
8.1.1 Overall Strategy for the Labeling
For the clinical application of extracellular vesicles (EVs), in vivo tracking methods
are crucial as their physiologic properties could determine therapeutic efficacy and
potential toxicity. A better understanding of biodistribution of EVs upon systemic
H. Choi (&) Á D. S. Lee
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University
College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
e-mail: chy1000@snu.ac.kr
D. S. Lee
e-mail: dsl@snu.ac.kr
H. Choi Á D. S. Lee
Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences,
Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology,
College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University,
Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018
D. S. Lee (ed.), Radionanomedicine, Biological and Medical Physics,
Biomedical Engineering, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67720-0_8
153