Silvester E, Charlet L, Tournassat C et al (2005) Redox potential measurements and mössbauer
spectrometry of FeII adsorbed onto FeIII (oxyhydr)oxides. Geochim Cosmochim Acta
69:4801–4815. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.GCA.2005.06.013
Sirk KM, Saleh NB, Phenrat T et al (2009) Effect of adsorbed polyelectrolytes on nanoscale zero
valent iron particle attachment to soil surface models. Environ Sci Technol 43:3803–3808.
https://doi.org/10.1021/es803589t
Sleep BE, Ma Y (1997) Thermal variation of organic fluid properties and impact on thermal
remediation feasibility. Soil Sediment Contam 6:281–306. https://doi.org/10.1080/
15320389709383566
Smuleac V, Varma R, Sikdar S, Bhattacharyya D (2011) Green synthesis of Fe and Fe/Pd bimetallic
nanoparticles in membranes for reductive degradation of chlorinated organics. J Membr Sci
379:131–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2011.05.054
Song H, Carraway ER (2005) Reduction of chlorinated ethanes by nanosized zero-valent iron:
kinetics, pathways, and effects of reaction conditions. Environ Sci Technol 39:6237–6245.
https://doi.org/10.1021/es048262e
Song H, Carraway ER (2006) Reduction of chlorinated methanes by nano-sized zero-valent iron.
Kinetics, pathways, and effect of reaction conditions. Environ Eng Sci 23:272–284. https://doi.
org/10.1089/ees.2006.23.272
Song S, Su Y, Adeleye AS, Zhang Y (2017) Optimal design and characterization of sulfidemodified nanoscale zerovalent iron for diclofenac removal. Appl Catal B Environ
201:211–220. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.APCATB.2016.07.055
Sriwatanapongse W, Reinhard M, Klug CA (2006) Reductive hydrodechlorination of trichloroethylene by palladium-on-alumina catalyst: 13C solid-state NMR study of surface reaction precursors. Langmuir 22:4158–4164. https://doi.org/10.1021/la053087g
Stefaniuk M, Oleszczuk P, Ok YS (2016) Review on nano zerovalent iron (nZVI): from synthesis to
environmental applications. Chem Eng J 287:618–632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2015.11.
046
Stephenson RM (1992) Mutual solubilities: water-ketones, water-ethers, and water-gasoline-alcohols. J Chem Eng Data 37:80–95. https://doi.org/10.1021/je00005a024
Stroo HF, West MR, Kueper BH et al (2014) In situ bioremediation of chlorinated ethene source
zones. In: Chlorinated solvent source zone remediation. Springer, New York, NY, pp 395–457
Stumm W, Sigg L, Sulzberger B (1992) Chemistry of the solid-water interface: processes at the
mineral-water and particle-water interface in natural systems. Wiley, New York
Su C, Puls RW (1999) Kinetics of trichloroethene reduction by zerovalent iron and tin: pretreatment
effect, apparent activation energy, and intermediate products. Environ Sci Technol 33:163–168.
https://doi.org/10.1021/es980481a
Su J, Lin S, Chen Z et al (2011) Dechlorination of p-chlorophenol from aqueous solution using
bentonite supported Fe/Pd nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization and kinetics. Desalination
280:167–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2011.06.067
Su Y, Hsu C-Y, Shih Y (2012) Effects of various ions on the dechlorination kinetics of
hexachlorobenzene by nanoscale zero-valent iron. Chemosphere 88:1346–1352. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.05.036
Su Y, Zhang Y, Ke H et al (2017) Environmental remediation of chlorinated hydrocarbons using
biopolymer stabilized iron loaded halloysite nanotubes. ACS Sustain Chem Eng
5:10976–10985. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b02872
Suchomel EJ, Kavanaugh MC, Mercer JW, Johnson PC (2014) The source zone remediation
challenge. In: Chlorinated solvent source zone remediation. Springer, New York, NY, pp 29–62
Sun Y-P, Li X, Cao J et al (2006) Characterization of zero-valent iron nanoparticles. Adv Colloid
Interf Sci 120:47–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CIS.2006.03.001
Sun Y, Li J, Huang T, Guan X (2016) The influences of iron characteristics, operating conditions
and solution chemistry on contaminants removal by zero-valent iron: a review. Water Res
100:277–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2016.05.031
6 In Situ Chemical Reduction of Chlorinated Organic Compounds
393
spectrometry of FeII adsorbed onto FeIII (oxyhydr)oxides. Geochim Cosmochim Acta
69:4801–4815. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.GCA.2005.06.013
Sirk KM, Saleh NB, Phenrat T et al (2009) Effect of adsorbed polyelectrolytes on nanoscale zero
valent iron particle attachment to soil surface models. Environ Sci Technol 43:3803–3808.
https://doi.org/10.1021/es803589t
Sleep BE, Ma Y (1997) Thermal variation of organic fluid properties and impact on thermal
remediation feasibility. Soil Sediment Contam 6:281–306. https://doi.org/10.1080/
15320389709383566
Smuleac V, Varma R, Sikdar S, Bhattacharyya D (2011) Green synthesis of Fe and Fe/Pd bimetallic
nanoparticles in membranes for reductive degradation of chlorinated organics. J Membr Sci
379:131–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2011.05.054
Song H, Carraway ER (2005) Reduction of chlorinated ethanes by nanosized zero-valent iron:
kinetics, pathways, and effects of reaction conditions. Environ Sci Technol 39:6237–6245.
https://doi.org/10.1021/es048262e
Song H, Carraway ER (2006) Reduction of chlorinated methanes by nano-sized zero-valent iron.
Kinetics, pathways, and effect of reaction conditions. Environ Eng Sci 23:272–284. https://doi.
org/10.1089/ees.2006.23.272
Song S, Su Y, Adeleye AS, Zhang Y (2017) Optimal design and characterization of sulfidemodified nanoscale zerovalent iron for diclofenac removal. Appl Catal B Environ
201:211–220. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.APCATB.2016.07.055
Sriwatanapongse W, Reinhard M, Klug CA (2006) Reductive hydrodechlorination of trichloroethylene by palladium-on-alumina catalyst: 13C solid-state NMR study of surface reaction precursors. Langmuir 22:4158–4164. https://doi.org/10.1021/la053087g
Stefaniuk M, Oleszczuk P, Ok YS (2016) Review on nano zerovalent iron (nZVI): from synthesis to
environmental applications. Chem Eng J 287:618–632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2015.11.
046
Stephenson RM (1992) Mutual solubilities: water-ketones, water-ethers, and water-gasoline-alcohols. J Chem Eng Data 37:80–95. https://doi.org/10.1021/je00005a024
Stroo HF, West MR, Kueper BH et al (2014) In situ bioremediation of chlorinated ethene source
zones. In: Chlorinated solvent source zone remediation. Springer, New York, NY, pp 395–457
Stumm W, Sigg L, Sulzberger B (1992) Chemistry of the solid-water interface: processes at the
mineral-water and particle-water interface in natural systems. Wiley, New York
Su C, Puls RW (1999) Kinetics of trichloroethene reduction by zerovalent iron and tin: pretreatment
effect, apparent activation energy, and intermediate products. Environ Sci Technol 33:163–168.
https://doi.org/10.1021/es980481a
Su J, Lin S, Chen Z et al (2011) Dechlorination of p-chlorophenol from aqueous solution using
bentonite supported Fe/Pd nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization and kinetics. Desalination
280:167–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2011.06.067
Su Y, Hsu C-Y, Shih Y (2012) Effects of various ions on the dechlorination kinetics of
hexachlorobenzene by nanoscale zero-valent iron. Chemosphere 88:1346–1352. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.05.036
Su Y, Zhang Y, Ke H et al (2017) Environmental remediation of chlorinated hydrocarbons using
biopolymer stabilized iron loaded halloysite nanotubes. ACS Sustain Chem Eng
5:10976–10985. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b02872
Suchomel EJ, Kavanaugh MC, Mercer JW, Johnson PC (2014) The source zone remediation
challenge. In: Chlorinated solvent source zone remediation. Springer, New York, NY, pp 29–62
Sun Y-P, Li X, Cao J et al (2006) Characterization of zero-valent iron nanoparticles. Adv Colloid
Interf Sci 120:47–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CIS.2006.03.001
Sun Y, Li J, Huang T, Guan X (2016) The influences of iron characteristics, operating conditions
and solution chemistry on contaminants removal by zero-valent iron: a review. Water Res
100:277–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2016.05.031
6 In Situ Chemical Reduction of Chlorinated Organic Compounds
393