Liu W-J, Qian T-T, Jiang H (2014b) Bimetallic Fe nanoparticles: recent advances in synthesis and
application in catalytic elimination of environmental pollutants. Chem Eng J 236:448–463.
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CEJ.2013.10.062
Liu R, Zhao H, Zhao X et al (2018) Defect sites in ultrathin Pd nanowires facilitate the highly
efficient electrochemical hydrodechlorination of pollutants by H*ads. Environ Sci Technol 52
(17):9992–10002. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b02740
Loraine GA (2001) Effects of alcohols, anionic and nonionic surfactants on the reduction of PCE
and TCE by zero-valent iron. Water Res 35:1453–1460. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354
(00)00422-X
Lowry GV, Casman EA (2009) Nanomaterial transport, transformation, and fate in the environment. In: Nanomaterials: risks and benefits. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 125–137
Lowry GV, Reinhard M (1999) Hydrodehalogenation of 1- to 3-carbon halogenated organic
compounds in water using a palladium catalyst and hydrogen gas. Environ Sci Technol
33:1905–1910. https://doi.org/10.1021/es980963m
Lowry GV, Gregory KB, Apte SC, Lead JR (2012) Transformations of nanomaterials in the
environment. Environ Sci Technol 46:6893–6899. https://doi.org/10.1021/es300839e
Lu M-C, Anotai J, Chyan J-M, Ting W-P (2006) Effect of chloride ions on the dechlorination of
hexachlorobenzene in the presence of zero-valent iron. Pract Period Hazard Toxic Radioact
Waste Manag 10:226–230. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-025X(2006)10:4(226)
Luna M, Gastone F, Tosco T et al (2015) Pressure-controlled injection of guar gum stabilized
microscale zerovalent iron for groundwater remediation. J Contam Hydrol 181:46–58. https://
doi.org/10.1016/J.JCONHYD.2015.04.007
Luo J, Farrell J (2013) Understanding pH effects on trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene
adsorption to iron in permeable reactive barriers for groundwater remediation. Int J Environ
Sci Technol 10:77–84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-012-0082-2
Luo F, Yang D, Chen Z et al (2016) One-step green synthesis of bimetallic Fe/Pd nanoparticles used
to degrade orange II. J Hazard Mater 303:145–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.10.
034
Ma C, Wu Y (2008) Dechlorination of perchloroethylene using zero-valent metal and microbial
community. Environ Geol 55:47–54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-007-0963-8
Ma J, He D, Collins RN et al (2016) The tortoise versus the hare – possible advantages of
microparticulate zerovalent iron (mZVI) over nanoparticulate zerovalent iron (nZVI) in aerobic
degradation of contaminants. Water Res 105:331–340. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.WATRES.
2016.09.012
Machado S, Pacheco JG, Nouws HPA et al (2015) Characterization of green zero-valent iron
nanoparticles produced with tree leaf extracts. Sci Total Environ 533:76–81. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.scitotenv.2015.06.091
Mackay DM, Freyberg DL, Roberts PV, Cherry JA (1986) A natural gradient experiment on solute
transport in a sand aquifer: 1. Approach and overview of plume movement. Water Resour Res
22:2017–2029. https://doi.org/10.1029/WR022i013p02017
Mackay D, Shiu W-Y, Ma K-C, Lee SC (2006) Handbook of physical-chemical properties and
environmental fate for organic chemicals, 2nd edn. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL
Mackenzie K, Bleyl S, Georgi A, Kopinke F-D (2012) Carbo-iron – An Fe/AC composite – as
alternative to nano-iron for groundwater treatment. Water Res 46:3817–3826. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.watres.2012.04.013
Maire J, Joubert A, Kaifas D et al (2018) Assessment of flushing methods for the removal of heavy
chlorinated compounds DNAPL in an alluvial aquifer. Sci Total Environ 612:1149–1158.
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2017.08.309
Makota S, Nde-Tchoupe AI, Mwakabona HT et al (2017) Metallic iron for water treatment: leaving
the valley of confusion. Appl Water Sci:1–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-017-0601-x
Mao X, Jiang R, Xiao W, Yu J (2015) Use of surfactants for the remediation of contaminated soils: a
review. J Hazard Mater 285:419–435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.12.009
386
R. Rodrigues et al.
application in catalytic elimination of environmental pollutants. Chem Eng J 236:448–463.
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CEJ.2013.10.062
Liu R, Zhao H, Zhao X et al (2018) Defect sites in ultrathin Pd nanowires facilitate the highly
efficient electrochemical hydrodechlorination of pollutants by H*ads. Environ Sci Technol 52
(17):9992–10002. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b02740
Loraine GA (2001) Effects of alcohols, anionic and nonionic surfactants on the reduction of PCE
and TCE by zero-valent iron. Water Res 35:1453–1460. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354
(00)00422-X
Lowry GV, Casman EA (2009) Nanomaterial transport, transformation, and fate in the environment. In: Nanomaterials: risks and benefits. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 125–137
Lowry GV, Reinhard M (1999) Hydrodehalogenation of 1- to 3-carbon halogenated organic
compounds in water using a palladium catalyst and hydrogen gas. Environ Sci Technol
33:1905–1910. https://doi.org/10.1021/es980963m
Lowry GV, Gregory KB, Apte SC, Lead JR (2012) Transformations of nanomaterials in the
environment. Environ Sci Technol 46:6893–6899. https://doi.org/10.1021/es300839e
Lu M-C, Anotai J, Chyan J-M, Ting W-P (2006) Effect of chloride ions on the dechlorination of
hexachlorobenzene in the presence of zero-valent iron. Pract Period Hazard Toxic Radioact
Waste Manag 10:226–230. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-025X(2006)10:4(226)
Luna M, Gastone F, Tosco T et al (2015) Pressure-controlled injection of guar gum stabilized
microscale zerovalent iron for groundwater remediation. J Contam Hydrol 181:46–58. https://
doi.org/10.1016/J.JCONHYD.2015.04.007
Luo J, Farrell J (2013) Understanding pH effects on trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene
adsorption to iron in permeable reactive barriers for groundwater remediation. Int J Environ
Sci Technol 10:77–84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-012-0082-2
Luo F, Yang D, Chen Z et al (2016) One-step green synthesis of bimetallic Fe/Pd nanoparticles used
to degrade orange II. J Hazard Mater 303:145–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.10.
034
Ma C, Wu Y (2008) Dechlorination of perchloroethylene using zero-valent metal and microbial
community. Environ Geol 55:47–54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-007-0963-8
Ma J, He D, Collins RN et al (2016) The tortoise versus the hare – possible advantages of
microparticulate zerovalent iron (mZVI) over nanoparticulate zerovalent iron (nZVI) in aerobic
degradation of contaminants. Water Res 105:331–340. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.WATRES.
2016.09.012
Machado S, Pacheco JG, Nouws HPA et al (2015) Characterization of green zero-valent iron
nanoparticles produced with tree leaf extracts. Sci Total Environ 533:76–81. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.scitotenv.2015.06.091
Mackay DM, Freyberg DL, Roberts PV, Cherry JA (1986) A natural gradient experiment on solute
transport in a sand aquifer: 1. Approach and overview of plume movement. Water Resour Res
22:2017–2029. https://doi.org/10.1029/WR022i013p02017
Mackay D, Shiu W-Y, Ma K-C, Lee SC (2006) Handbook of physical-chemical properties and
environmental fate for organic chemicals, 2nd edn. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL
Mackenzie K, Bleyl S, Georgi A, Kopinke F-D (2012) Carbo-iron – An Fe/AC composite – as
alternative to nano-iron for groundwater treatment. Water Res 46:3817–3826. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.watres.2012.04.013
Maire J, Joubert A, Kaifas D et al (2018) Assessment of flushing methods for the removal of heavy
chlorinated compounds DNAPL in an alluvial aquifer. Sci Total Environ 612:1149–1158.
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2017.08.309
Makota S, Nde-Tchoupe AI, Mwakabona HT et al (2017) Metallic iron for water treatment: leaving
the valley of confusion. Appl Water Sci:1–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-017-0601-x
Mao X, Jiang R, Xiao W, Yu J (2015) Use of surfactants for the remediation of contaminated soils: a
review. J Hazard Mater 285:419–435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.12.009
386
R. Rodrigues et al.