Chapter 2
Enabling Sustainable Bioenergy Transitions
in Sub-Saharan Africa: Strategic Issues
for Achieving Climate-Compatible
Developments
Francis X. Johnson, Bothwell Batidzirai, Miyuki Iiyama,
Caroline A. Ochieng, Olle Olsson, Linus Mofor, and Alexandros Gasparatos
2.1 Introduction
Bioenergy accounts for 10% of primary energy supply, which is more than the
combined contribution from all other renewable energy sources and nuclear power
(IEA 2018). However, most of the biomass used for energy in developing countries
is in the form of firewood, charcoal, agricultural residues and animal dung for
cooking and heating purposes, which is not so different from the way biomass has
been used for thousands of years (Mattick et al. 2010). In fact, almost 3 billion
persons worldwide use biomass in this manner, including the overwhelming
F. X. Johnson (*) · C. A. Ochieng · O. Olsson
Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI), Stockholm, Sweden
e-mail: francis.johnson@sei.org; caroline.ochieng@sei.org; olle.olsson@sei.org
B. Batidzirai
University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
e-mail: bbatidzirai@gmail.com
M. Iiyama
World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Nairobi, Kenya
Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Tsukuba, Japan
e-mail: miiyama@affrc.go.jp
L. Mofor
United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
e-mail: mofor@un.org
A. Gasparatos
Institute for Future Initiatives (IFI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
e-mail: gasparatos@ifi.u-tokyo.ac.jp
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020
A. Gasparatos et al. (eds.), Sustainability Challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa I,
Science for Sustainable Societies, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4458-3_2
51
Enabling Sustainable Bioenergy Transitions
in Sub-Saharan Africa: Strategic Issues
for Achieving Climate-Compatible
Developments
Francis X. Johnson, Bothwell Batidzirai, Miyuki Iiyama,
Caroline A. Ochieng, Olle Olsson, Linus Mofor, and Alexandros Gasparatos
2.1 Introduction
Bioenergy accounts for 10% of primary energy supply, which is more than the
combined contribution from all other renewable energy sources and nuclear power
(IEA 2018). However, most of the biomass used for energy in developing countries
is in the form of firewood, charcoal, agricultural residues and animal dung for
cooking and heating purposes, which is not so different from the way biomass has
been used for thousands of years (Mattick et al. 2010). In fact, almost 3 billion
persons worldwide use biomass in this manner, including the overwhelming
F. X. Johnson (*) · C. A. Ochieng · O. Olsson
Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI), Stockholm, Sweden
e-mail: francis.johnson@sei.org; caroline.ochieng@sei.org; olle.olsson@sei.org
B. Batidzirai
University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
e-mail: bbatidzirai@gmail.com
M. Iiyama
World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Nairobi, Kenya
Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Tsukuba, Japan
e-mail: miiyama@affrc.go.jp
L. Mofor
United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
e-mail: mofor@un.org
A. Gasparatos
Institute for Future Initiatives (IFI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
e-mail: gasparatos@ifi.u-tokyo.ac.jp
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020
A. Gasparatos et al. (eds.), Sustainability Challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa I,
Science for Sustainable Societies, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4458-3_2
51