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Radek R (1999) Flagellates, bacteria, and fungi associated with termites: diversity and function in
nutrition – a review. Ecotropica 5:183–196
Reid RGB (2007) Biological emergences. Evolution by natural experiment. MIT Press, Cambridge
Reinke J (1873) Zur kenntniss des rhizoms von Corallorhiza und Epipogon. Flora 31:145–209
Ris H, Plaut W (1962) Ultrastructrure of DNA-containing areas in the chloroplast of
Chlamydomonas. J Cell Biol 13:383–391
Rita O (2006) Contribuição para o ensino da simbiómica na escola. Tese de Mestrado, FCUL,
Lisboa
Sagan L (1967) On the origin of mitosing cells. J Theor Biol 14:225–274
Salazar N, Valdés-Varela L, González S, Gueimonde M, Reyes-Gavilán CG (2017) Nutrition and
the gut microbiome in the elderly. Gut Microbes 8(2):82–97
Sapp J (1994) Evolution by association: a history of symbiosis. Oxford University Press, New York
Sapp J (2003) Genesis. The evolution of biology. Oxford University Press, New York
Sapp J (2009) The new foundations of evolution. Oxford University Press, New York
Sapp J, Carrapiço F, Zolotonosov M (2002) Symbiogenesis: the hidden face of Constantin
Merezhkowsky. Hist Phil Life Sci 24:421–449
Selosse MA (2000) La symbiose: structures et fonctions, rôle écologique et évolutif. Vuibert, Paris
Selosse MA (2017) Jamais seul. Ces microbes qui construisent les plantes, les animaux et les
civilisations. Actes Sud, Paris
Sender R, Fuchs S, Milo R (2016) Revised estimates for the number of human and bacteria cells in
the body. PLoS Biol 14(8):1–14. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002533
Shi DJ, Hall DO (1988) Azolla and immobilized cyanobacteria (blue-green algae): from traditional
agriculture to biotechnology. Plants Today 1:5–12
Shulman ST, Friedmann HC, Sims RH (2007) Theodor Escherich: the first pediatric infectious
diseases physician? Clin Infect Dis 45:1025–1029
Suárez J (2018) The importance of symbiosis in philosophy of biology: an analysis of the current
debate on biological individuality and its historical roots. Symbiosis 76(2):77–96
Suárez J, Triviño V (2019) A metaphysical approach to holobiont individuality: holobionts as
emergent individuals. Quaderns de Filosofia 6(1):59–76. https://doi.org/10.7203/qfia.6.1.14825
Summers WC (1999) Félix d’Herelle and the origins of molecular biology. Yale University Press,
New Haven
Uheda E (1986) Isolation of hair cells from Azolla filiculoides var. japonica leaves. Plant Cell
Physiol 27:1255–1261
Van Bénéden PJ (1875) Les comensaux et les parasites dans le règne animal. Bibl. Sci. Int, Paris
Villarreal LP (2004) Can viruses make us human? Proc Am Philos Soc 148(3):296–323
Villarreal LP (2009) Origin of group identity. Viruses, adaptation and cooperation. Springer
Science+ Business Media, New York
Villarreal LP, Ryan F (2011) Viruses in host evolution: general principles and future extrapolations.
Curr Top Virol 9:79–90
Villarreal LP, Witzany G (2019) That is life: communicating RNA networks from viruses and cells
in continuous interaction. Ann NY Acad Sci 1447(1):5–20
Wallin IE (1923) The mitochondria problem. Amer Natur 57(650):255–261
Wallin IE (1927) Symbionticism and the origin of species. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore
Wilson EO (1975) Sociobiology. The new synthesis. Harvard University Press, Cambridge
Zook D (2015) Symbiosis – evolution’s co-author. In: Gontier N (ed) Reticulate Evolution, 3:
41–80. Springer International Publishing, Cham, Switzerland
27 The Importance of Being Symbiont and the Role of Symbiosis as a Driving Force. . .
611
Radek R (1999) Flagellates, bacteria, and fungi associated with termites: diversity and function in
nutrition – a review. Ecotropica 5:183–196
Reid RGB (2007) Biological emergences. Evolution by natural experiment. MIT Press, Cambridge
Reinke J (1873) Zur kenntniss des rhizoms von Corallorhiza und Epipogon. Flora 31:145–209
Ris H, Plaut W (1962) Ultrastructrure of DNA-containing areas in the chloroplast of
Chlamydomonas. J Cell Biol 13:383–391
Rita O (2006) Contribuição para o ensino da simbiómica na escola. Tese de Mestrado, FCUL,
Lisboa
Sagan L (1967) On the origin of mitosing cells. J Theor Biol 14:225–274
Salazar N, Valdés-Varela L, González S, Gueimonde M, Reyes-Gavilán CG (2017) Nutrition and
the gut microbiome in the elderly. Gut Microbes 8(2):82–97
Sapp J (1994) Evolution by association: a history of symbiosis. Oxford University Press, New York
Sapp J (2003) Genesis. The evolution of biology. Oxford University Press, New York
Sapp J (2009) The new foundations of evolution. Oxford University Press, New York
Sapp J, Carrapiço F, Zolotonosov M (2002) Symbiogenesis: the hidden face of Constantin
Merezhkowsky. Hist Phil Life Sci 24:421–449
Selosse MA (2000) La symbiose: structures et fonctions, rôle écologique et évolutif. Vuibert, Paris
Selosse MA (2017) Jamais seul. Ces microbes qui construisent les plantes, les animaux et les
civilisations. Actes Sud, Paris
Sender R, Fuchs S, Milo R (2016) Revised estimates for the number of human and bacteria cells in
the body. PLoS Biol 14(8):1–14. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002533
Shi DJ, Hall DO (1988) Azolla and immobilized cyanobacteria (blue-green algae): from traditional
agriculture to biotechnology. Plants Today 1:5–12
Shulman ST, Friedmann HC, Sims RH (2007) Theodor Escherich: the first pediatric infectious
diseases physician? Clin Infect Dis 45:1025–1029
Suárez J (2018) The importance of symbiosis in philosophy of biology: an analysis of the current
debate on biological individuality and its historical roots. Symbiosis 76(2):77–96
Suárez J, Triviño V (2019) A metaphysical approach to holobiont individuality: holobionts as
emergent individuals. Quaderns de Filosofia 6(1):59–76. https://doi.org/10.7203/qfia.6.1.14825
Summers WC (1999) Félix d’Herelle and the origins of molecular biology. Yale University Press,
New Haven
Uheda E (1986) Isolation of hair cells from Azolla filiculoides var. japonica leaves. Plant Cell
Physiol 27:1255–1261
Van Bénéden PJ (1875) Les comensaux et les parasites dans le règne animal. Bibl. Sci. Int, Paris
Villarreal LP (2004) Can viruses make us human? Proc Am Philos Soc 148(3):296–323
Villarreal LP (2009) Origin of group identity. Viruses, adaptation and cooperation. Springer
Science+ Business Media, New York
Villarreal LP, Ryan F (2011) Viruses in host evolution: general principles and future extrapolations.
Curr Top Virol 9:79–90
Villarreal LP, Witzany G (2019) That is life: communicating RNA networks from viruses and cells
in continuous interaction. Ann NY Acad Sci 1447(1):5–20
Wallin IE (1923) The mitochondria problem. Amer Natur 57(650):255–261
Wallin IE (1927) Symbionticism and the origin of species. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore
Wilson EO (1975) Sociobiology. The new synthesis. Harvard University Press, Cambridge
Zook D (2015) Symbiosis – evolution’s co-author. In: Gontier N (ed) Reticulate Evolution, 3:
41–80. Springer International Publishing, Cham, Switzerland
27 The Importance of Being Symbiont and the Role of Symbiosis as a Driving Force. . .
611