Galperin MY (2005) A census of membrane-bound and intracellular signal transduction proteins in
bacteria: bacterial, IQ, extroverts and introverts. BMC Microbiol 5:35. https://doi.org/10.1186/
1471-2180-5-35
Garcia-Leon G, Hernandez A, Hernando-Amado S, Alavi P, Berg G, Martinez JL (2014) A function
of SmeDEF, the major quinolone resistance determinant of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, is
the colonization of plant roots. Appl Environ Microbiol 80:4559–4565
Gillis M, Van Van T, Bardin R, Goor M, Hebbar P, Willems A, Segers P, Kersters K, Heulin T,
Fernandez MP (1995) Polyphasic taxonomy in the genus Burkholderia leading to an amended
description of the genus and proposition of Burkholderia vietmaniensis sp. nov. for N2-fixing
isolates from rice in Vietnam. Int J Syst Bacteriol 45:274–289
Gourion B, Sulser S, Frunzke J, Francez-Charlot A, Stiefel P, Pessl G, Vorholt JA, Fischer H-M
(2009) The PhyR-sigma (EcfG) signaling cascade is involved in stress response and symbiotic
eiciency in Bradyrhizobium japonicum. Mol Microbiol 73:291–305
Govindan M, Sreekaumar KM, Subramanian M (2009) Response of ginger (Zingiber afficinale) to
Azospirillum inoculant at different levels of nitrogen application. Indian J Agric Sci 79
(10):821–823
Greer-Phillips SE, Stephens BB, Alexandre G (2004) An energy taxis transducer promotes root
colonization by Azospirillum brasilense. J Bacteriol 186:6595–6604
Grifoni A, Bazzicalupo M, Serio CD, Fancelli S, Fani R (1995) Identification of Azospirillum
strains by restriction fragment length polymorphism of the 16s rDNA and of the histidine
operon. FEMS Microbiol Letters 127(1995):85–91
Hardoim PR, Overbeek V, Leonard S, Berg G, Pirttilä AM, Compant S, Campisano A, Döring M,
Sessitsch A (2015) The hidden world within plants: ecological and evolutionary considerations
for defining functioning of microbial endophytes. Microbiol Moler Biol Rev 79(3):293–320.
https://doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.00050-14. PMC 4488371. PMID 26136581
Hartmann A, Baldani JI, Kirchhof G, Assmus B, Hutzler P, Springer N, Ludwog W, Baldani VLD,
Döbereiner J (1995) Taxonomic and ecologic studies of diazotrophic rhizosphere bacteria using
phylogenetic probes. In: Fendrik I, del Gallo M, Vanderleyden J, Zamarocy M (eds)
Azospirillum VI and related microorganisms. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 415–427
Hegazi NA, Fayez M, Amin G, Hamza MA, Abbas M, Youssef H, Monib M (1998) Diazotrophs
associated with non-legumes grown in sandy soils. In: Malik KA, Mirza MS, Ladha JK (eds)
Nitrogen Fixation with Non-Legumes. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp 209–222
Hurek T, Reinhold-Hurek B, Van Montagu M, Kellenberger E (1994) Root colonization and
systemic spreading of Azoarcus sp. strain BH72 in grasses. J Bacteriol 176:1913–1923
Iniguez AL, Dong Y, Carter HD, Ahmer BM, Stone JM, Triplett EW (2005) Regulation of enteric
endophytic bacterial colonization by plant defenses. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 2005
(18):169–178
Irizarry I, White JF (2018) Bacillus amyloliquefaciens alters gene expression, ROS production and
lignin synthesis in cotton seedling roots. J Appl Microbiol 124:1589–1603
Iruthayaraj MR (1981) Let Azotobacter supply nitrogen to cotton. Intensive Agriculture 19:23
James EK, Reis VM, Olivares FL, Baldani JI, Döbereiner J (1994) Infection of sugar cane by the
nitrogen-fixing bacterium Acetobacter diazotrophicus. Jour. Exp. Bot. 45:757–766
James EK, Gyaneshwar P, Barraquio WL, Mathan N, Ladha JK (2000) Endophytic diazotrophs
associated with rice. In: Ladha JK, Reddy PM (eds) The quest for nitrogen fixation in rice.
International Rice Research Institute, Los Banõs, pp 119–140
Jensen JB, Ampomah OY, Darrah R, Peters NK, Bhuvaneswari T (2005) Role of trehalose transport
and utilization in Sinorhizobium meliloti-alfalfa interactions. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact
18:694–702
Ji SH, Gururani MA, Chun SC (2014a) Isolation and characterization of plant growth promoting
endophytic diazotrophic bacteria from Korean rice cultivars. Microbiol Res 169:83–98
Ji SH, Gururani MA, Chun SC (2014b) Expression analysis of Rice pathogenesis-related proteins
involved in stress response and endophytic colonization properties of gfp-tagged Bacillus
subtilis CB-R05. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 174:231–241
20 The Diazotroph as an Endophyte and How a Diazotroph Interacts with Its. . .
417
bacteria: bacterial, IQ, extroverts and introverts. BMC Microbiol 5:35. https://doi.org/10.1186/
1471-2180-5-35
Garcia-Leon G, Hernandez A, Hernando-Amado S, Alavi P, Berg G, Martinez JL (2014) A function
of SmeDEF, the major quinolone resistance determinant of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, is
the colonization of plant roots. Appl Environ Microbiol 80:4559–4565
Gillis M, Van Van T, Bardin R, Goor M, Hebbar P, Willems A, Segers P, Kersters K, Heulin T,
Fernandez MP (1995) Polyphasic taxonomy in the genus Burkholderia leading to an amended
description of the genus and proposition of Burkholderia vietmaniensis sp. nov. for N2-fixing
isolates from rice in Vietnam. Int J Syst Bacteriol 45:274–289
Gourion B, Sulser S, Frunzke J, Francez-Charlot A, Stiefel P, Pessl G, Vorholt JA, Fischer H-M
(2009) The PhyR-sigma (EcfG) signaling cascade is involved in stress response and symbiotic
eiciency in Bradyrhizobium japonicum. Mol Microbiol 73:291–305
Govindan M, Sreekaumar KM, Subramanian M (2009) Response of ginger (Zingiber afficinale) to
Azospirillum inoculant at different levels of nitrogen application. Indian J Agric Sci 79
(10):821–823
Greer-Phillips SE, Stephens BB, Alexandre G (2004) An energy taxis transducer promotes root
colonization by Azospirillum brasilense. J Bacteriol 186:6595–6604
Grifoni A, Bazzicalupo M, Serio CD, Fancelli S, Fani R (1995) Identification of Azospirillum
strains by restriction fragment length polymorphism of the 16s rDNA and of the histidine
operon. FEMS Microbiol Letters 127(1995):85–91
Hardoim PR, Overbeek V, Leonard S, Berg G, Pirttilä AM, Compant S, Campisano A, Döring M,
Sessitsch A (2015) The hidden world within plants: ecological and evolutionary considerations
for defining functioning of microbial endophytes. Microbiol Moler Biol Rev 79(3):293–320.
https://doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.00050-14. PMC 4488371. PMID 26136581
Hartmann A, Baldani JI, Kirchhof G, Assmus B, Hutzler P, Springer N, Ludwog W, Baldani VLD,
Döbereiner J (1995) Taxonomic and ecologic studies of diazotrophic rhizosphere bacteria using
phylogenetic probes. In: Fendrik I, del Gallo M, Vanderleyden J, Zamarocy M (eds)
Azospirillum VI and related microorganisms. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 415–427
Hegazi NA, Fayez M, Amin G, Hamza MA, Abbas M, Youssef H, Monib M (1998) Diazotrophs
associated with non-legumes grown in sandy soils. In: Malik KA, Mirza MS, Ladha JK (eds)
Nitrogen Fixation with Non-Legumes. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp 209–222
Hurek T, Reinhold-Hurek B, Van Montagu M, Kellenberger E (1994) Root colonization and
systemic spreading of Azoarcus sp. strain BH72 in grasses. J Bacteriol 176:1913–1923
Iniguez AL, Dong Y, Carter HD, Ahmer BM, Stone JM, Triplett EW (2005) Regulation of enteric
endophytic bacterial colonization by plant defenses. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 2005
(18):169–178
Irizarry I, White JF (2018) Bacillus amyloliquefaciens alters gene expression, ROS production and
lignin synthesis in cotton seedling roots. J Appl Microbiol 124:1589–1603
Iruthayaraj MR (1981) Let Azotobacter supply nitrogen to cotton. Intensive Agriculture 19:23
James EK, Reis VM, Olivares FL, Baldani JI, Döbereiner J (1994) Infection of sugar cane by the
nitrogen-fixing bacterium Acetobacter diazotrophicus. Jour. Exp. Bot. 45:757–766
James EK, Gyaneshwar P, Barraquio WL, Mathan N, Ladha JK (2000) Endophytic diazotrophs
associated with rice. In: Ladha JK, Reddy PM (eds) The quest for nitrogen fixation in rice.
International Rice Research Institute, Los Banõs, pp 119–140
Jensen JB, Ampomah OY, Darrah R, Peters NK, Bhuvaneswari T (2005) Role of trehalose transport
and utilization in Sinorhizobium meliloti-alfalfa interactions. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact
18:694–702
Ji SH, Gururani MA, Chun SC (2014a) Isolation and characterization of plant growth promoting
endophytic diazotrophic bacteria from Korean rice cultivars. Microbiol Res 169:83–98
Ji SH, Gururani MA, Chun SC (2014b) Expression analysis of Rice pathogenesis-related proteins
involved in stress response and endophytic colonization properties of gfp-tagged Bacillus
subtilis CB-R05. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 174:231–241
20 The Diazotroph as an Endophyte and How a Diazotroph Interacts with Its. . .
417