153
Carroll CS, Moore MM (2018) Ironing out siderophore biosynthesis: a review of non-ribosomal
peptide synthetase (NRPS)-independent siderophore synthetases. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol
53:356–381
Chen C, Pande K, French SD, Tuch BB, Noble SM (2011) An iron homeostasis regulatory circuit
with reciprocal roles in Candida albicans commensalism and pathogenesis. Cell Host Microbe
10:118–135
Chen L-H, Lin C-H, Chung K-R (2013) A nonribosomal peptide synthetase mediates siderophore
production and virulence in the citrus fungal pathogen Alternaria alternata. Mol Plant Pathol
14:497–505
Chen L, Yang SL, Chung KR (2014) Resistance to oxidative stress via regulating siderophoremediated iron acquisition by the citrus fungal pathogen Alternaria alternata. Microbiology
160:970–979
Chung Chun Lam CKS, Jickells TD, Richardson DJ, Russell DA (2006) Fluorescence-based siderophore biosensor for the determination of bioavailable iron in oceanic waters. Anal Chem
78:5040–5045
Condon BJ, Oide S, Gibson DM, Krasnoff SB, Turgeon BG (2014) Reductive iron assimilation
and intracellular siderophores assist extracellular siderophore-driven iron homeostasis and
virulence. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 27(8):793–808
Conrath U, Pieterse CMJ, Mauch-Mani G (2002) Priming in plant-pathogen interactions. TRENDS
Plant Sci 7(5):P210–P216
Dahlheimer SR, Neal CR, Fein JB (2007) Potential mobilization of platinum group elements by
siderophores in surface environments. Environ Sci Technol 41:870–875
Das N, Chandran P (2011) Microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminants: an
overview. Biotechnol Res Int 11:1–13
De Boer M, Bom P, Kindt F, Keurentjes JJB et al (2003) Control of Fusarium wilt of radish by
combining Pseudomonas putida strains that have different disease-suppressive mechanisms.
Phytopathology 93:626–632
Dellagi A, Brisset MN, Paulin JP, Expert D (1998) Dual role of desferrioxamine in Erwinia amylovora pathogenicity. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 11:734–742
Dimitroglou A, Merrifield DL, Carnevali O, Picchietti S, Avella M, Daniels C et al (2011)
Microbial manipulations to improve fish health and production – a Mediterranean perspective.
Fish Shellfish Immunol 30:1–16
Eisendle M, Oberegger H, Zadra I, Haas H (2003) The siderophore system is essential for
viability of Aspergillus nidulans: functional analysis of two genes encoding L-ornithine
N-5-monooxygenase (sidA) and a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (sidC). Mol Microbiol
49:359–375
Forester NT, Lane GA, Steringa M, Lamont IL, Johnson LJ (2017) Contrasting roles of fungal siderophores in maintaining iron homeostasis in Epichloe festucae. Fungal Genet Biol 111:60–72
Gerwien F, Skrahina V, Kasper L, Hube B, Brunke S (2018) Metals in fungal virulence. FEMS
Microbiol Rev 42:1–21
Greenshields DL, Liu GS, Feng J, Selvaraj G, Wei YD (2007) The siderophore biosynthetic geneSID1, but not the ferroxidase gene FET3, is required for full Fusarium graminearum virulence.
Mol Plant Pathol 8:411–421
Haas H (2014) Fungal siderophore metabolism with a focus on Aspergillus fumigatus. Nat Prod
Rep 31:1266–1276
Haas H, Eisendle M, Turgeon BG (2008) Siderophores in fungal physiology and virulence. Annu
Rev Phytopathol 46:149–187
Haas H, Petrik M, Decristoforo C (2015) An iron-mimicking, Trojan horse-entering fungi--has the
time come for molecular imaging of fungal infections? PLoS Pathog 11(1):e1004568
Hilty J, Smulian AG, Newman SL (2008) The Histoplasma capsulatum vacuolar ATPase is required
for iron homeostasis, intracellular replication in macrophages and virulence in a murine model
of histoplasmosis. Mol Microbiol 70:127–139
9 Fungal Siderophores: Prospects and Applications
Carroll CS, Moore MM (2018) Ironing out siderophore biosynthesis: a review of non-ribosomal
peptide synthetase (NRPS)-independent siderophore synthetases. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol
53:356–381
Chen C, Pande K, French SD, Tuch BB, Noble SM (2011) An iron homeostasis regulatory circuit
with reciprocal roles in Candida albicans commensalism and pathogenesis. Cell Host Microbe
10:118–135
Chen L-H, Lin C-H, Chung K-R (2013) A nonribosomal peptide synthetase mediates siderophore
production and virulence in the citrus fungal pathogen Alternaria alternata. Mol Plant Pathol
14:497–505
Chen L, Yang SL, Chung KR (2014) Resistance to oxidative stress via regulating siderophoremediated iron acquisition by the citrus fungal pathogen Alternaria alternata. Microbiology
160:970–979
Chung Chun Lam CKS, Jickells TD, Richardson DJ, Russell DA (2006) Fluorescence-based siderophore biosensor for the determination of bioavailable iron in oceanic waters. Anal Chem
78:5040–5045
Condon BJ, Oide S, Gibson DM, Krasnoff SB, Turgeon BG (2014) Reductive iron assimilation
and intracellular siderophores assist extracellular siderophore-driven iron homeostasis and
virulence. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 27(8):793–808
Conrath U, Pieterse CMJ, Mauch-Mani G (2002) Priming in plant-pathogen interactions. TRENDS
Plant Sci 7(5):P210–P216
Dahlheimer SR, Neal CR, Fein JB (2007) Potential mobilization of platinum group elements by
siderophores in surface environments. Environ Sci Technol 41:870–875
Das N, Chandran P (2011) Microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminants: an
overview. Biotechnol Res Int 11:1–13
De Boer M, Bom P, Kindt F, Keurentjes JJB et al (2003) Control of Fusarium wilt of radish by
combining Pseudomonas putida strains that have different disease-suppressive mechanisms.
Phytopathology 93:626–632
Dellagi A, Brisset MN, Paulin JP, Expert D (1998) Dual role of desferrioxamine in Erwinia amylovora pathogenicity. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 11:734–742
Dimitroglou A, Merrifield DL, Carnevali O, Picchietti S, Avella M, Daniels C et al (2011)
Microbial manipulations to improve fish health and production – a Mediterranean perspective.
Fish Shellfish Immunol 30:1–16
Eisendle M, Oberegger H, Zadra I, Haas H (2003) The siderophore system is essential for
viability of Aspergillus nidulans: functional analysis of two genes encoding L-ornithine
N-5-monooxygenase (sidA) and a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (sidC). Mol Microbiol
49:359–375
Forester NT, Lane GA, Steringa M, Lamont IL, Johnson LJ (2017) Contrasting roles of fungal siderophores in maintaining iron homeostasis in Epichloe festucae. Fungal Genet Biol 111:60–72
Gerwien F, Skrahina V, Kasper L, Hube B, Brunke S (2018) Metals in fungal virulence. FEMS
Microbiol Rev 42:1–21
Greenshields DL, Liu GS, Feng J, Selvaraj G, Wei YD (2007) The siderophore biosynthetic geneSID1, but not the ferroxidase gene FET3, is required for full Fusarium graminearum virulence.
Mol Plant Pathol 8:411–421
Haas H (2014) Fungal siderophore metabolism with a focus on Aspergillus fumigatus. Nat Prod
Rep 31:1266–1276
Haas H, Eisendle M, Turgeon BG (2008) Siderophores in fungal physiology and virulence. Annu
Rev Phytopathol 46:149–187
Haas H, Petrik M, Decristoforo C (2015) An iron-mimicking, Trojan horse-entering fungi--has the
time come for molecular imaging of fungal infections? PLoS Pathog 11(1):e1004568
Hilty J, Smulian AG, Newman SL (2008) The Histoplasma capsulatum vacuolar ATPase is required
for iron homeostasis, intracellular replication in macrophages and virulence in a murine model
of histoplasmosis. Mol Microbiol 70:127–139
9 Fungal Siderophores: Prospects and Applications