540
within a region and the beta diversity across communities or habitats, or variation
among these.
Generalized additive model (GAM) an extension of the generalized linear
model in which the linear predictor is replaced by a sum of unspecified smooth
functions.
Genetic algorithm A computational method for solving optimization problems
that is based on natural selection.
Genotype The genetic makeup of an individual or group of individuals; also
refers to individuals of a particular genetic background, such as a recombinant
inbred line, a seed family, or known genetic variants. Contrasts with phenotype.
Geodiversity The variety of abiotic features and processes of nature (e.g., landforms, soils, and hydrological patterns) that influences the development and
maintenance of biodiversity.
Geographical space The extent of a particular region or study area.
Geometric changes in the context of remote sensing, typically refers to changes
in the geometric resolution (ground sampling distance or pixel resolution) of
satellite data. It can also refer changes in sampling geometry.
Geometric correction Resampling of spectral data from the pixels in an image
(which are originally not square and vary in size) to a common pixel grid, often
using nearest neighbor interpolation, to reduce image distortion.
Geomorphological Pertaining to the study of the physical features of the Earth’s
surface, including the origin and evolution of topographic and underwater features that result from physical, chemical, or biological processes.
Geosphere The Earth’s abiotic environment. The geosphere is made up of four
subcomponents: the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, and cryosphere.
Geostatistical considering the spatial positioning or scale of study objects.
Georeferenced data Data accompanied by locality information in the form of
geographically explicit coordinates that can be mapped.
Glabrous A condition that defines a smooth leaf surface without hairs, bristles, or
rough cuticle surface, often shiny in appearance.
Global biodiversity monitoring system An emerging concept that integrates
tools and approaches to sampling, monitoring, and understanding temporal and
spatial patterns in biodiversity in multiple dimensions and at multiple scales.
Often involves satellite, aircraft, and in situ sampling and ranges from the molecular to the global scale.
Global mapping of biodiversity Depicting spatial patterns of biodiversity at a
global scale, often using satellite data, and typically at a relatively coarse spatial
resolution. Can also entail mapping of “essential biodiversity variables” to infer
changing patterns of biodiversity.
Global navigation satellite system A constellation of satellites that provide geospatial positioning and timing information to networks of ground control stations
for calculation of ground positions used in computer networks, air traffic control,
power grids, etc.
Global spectroscopy data High spectral resolution data collected by an instrument measuring the entire globe, presumably from satellite(s).
Glossary
within a region and the beta diversity across communities or habitats, or variation
among these.
Generalized additive model (GAM) an extension of the generalized linear
model in which the linear predictor is replaced by a sum of unspecified smooth
functions.
Genetic algorithm A computational method for solving optimization problems
that is based on natural selection.
Genotype The genetic makeup of an individual or group of individuals; also
refers to individuals of a particular genetic background, such as a recombinant
inbred line, a seed family, or known genetic variants. Contrasts with phenotype.
Geodiversity The variety of abiotic features and processes of nature (e.g., landforms, soils, and hydrological patterns) that influences the development and
maintenance of biodiversity.
Geographical space The extent of a particular region or study area.
Geometric changes in the context of remote sensing, typically refers to changes
in the geometric resolution (ground sampling distance or pixel resolution) of
satellite data. It can also refer changes in sampling geometry.
Geometric correction Resampling of spectral data from the pixels in an image
(which are originally not square and vary in size) to a common pixel grid, often
using nearest neighbor interpolation, to reduce image distortion.
Geomorphological Pertaining to the study of the physical features of the Earth’s
surface, including the origin and evolution of topographic and underwater features that result from physical, chemical, or biological processes.
Geosphere The Earth’s abiotic environment. The geosphere is made up of four
subcomponents: the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, and cryosphere.
Geostatistical considering the spatial positioning or scale of study objects.
Georeferenced data Data accompanied by locality information in the form of
geographically explicit coordinates that can be mapped.
Glabrous A condition that defines a smooth leaf surface without hairs, bristles, or
rough cuticle surface, often shiny in appearance.
Global biodiversity monitoring system An emerging concept that integrates
tools and approaches to sampling, monitoring, and understanding temporal and
spatial patterns in biodiversity in multiple dimensions and at multiple scales.
Often involves satellite, aircraft, and in situ sampling and ranges from the molecular to the global scale.
Global mapping of biodiversity Depicting spatial patterns of biodiversity at a
global scale, often using satellite data, and typically at a relatively coarse spatial
resolution. Can also entail mapping of “essential biodiversity variables” to infer
changing patterns of biodiversity.
Global navigation satellite system A constellation of satellites that provide geospatial positioning and timing information to networks of ground control stations
for calculation of ground positions used in computer networks, air traffic control,
power grids, etc.
Global spectroscopy data High spectral resolution data collected by an instrument measuring the entire globe, presumably from satellite(s).
Glossary