Stomp A-M, Rajbhandari N (2000) Patent US 6,040,498:
Genetically engineered duckweed 66:37
Stomp AM (2005) The duckweeds: a valuable plant for
biomanufacturing. Biotechnol Annu Rev 11:69–99.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1387-2656(05)11002-3
Tang L, Zeng Y, Du H et al (2017) CRISPR/Cas9-mediated
gene editing in human zygotes using Cas9 protein. Mol
Genet Genomics 292:525–533. https://doi.org/10.
1007/s00438-017-1299-z
Thompson BG (1989) The maximization of the productivity of aquatic plants for use in controlled ecological
life support systems (CELSS). Acta Astronaut 19:269–
273. https://doi.org/10.1016/0094-5765(89)90039-8
Van Hoeck A, Horemans N, Monsieurs P et al (2015) The first
draft genome of the aquatic model plant Lemna minor
opens the route for future stress physiology research and
biotechnological applications. Biotechnol Biofuels 8:188.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-015-0381-1
Vu GTH, Cao HX, Watanabe K et al (2014) Repair of
site-specific DNA double-strand breaks in barley
occurs via diverse pathways primarily involving the
sister chromatid. Plant Cell 26:2156–2167. https://doi.
org/10.1105/tpc.114.126607
Vunsh R, Li J, Hanania U et al (2007) High expression of
transgene protein in Spirodela. Plant Cell Rep 26:1511–
1519. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-007-0361-4
Wang W, Haberer G, Gundlach H et al (2014) The Spirodela
polyrhiza genome reveals insights into its neotenous
reduction fast growth and aquatic lifestyle. Nat Commun
5:3311. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4311
Wang W, Kerstetter RA, Michael TP (2011) Evolution of
genome size in duckweeds (Lemnaceae). J Bot
2011:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/570319
Wang W, Messing J (2011) High-throughput sequencing
of three Lemnoideae (duckweeds) chloroplast genomes from total DNA. PLoS ONE 6:e24670. https://
doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0024670
Weber E, Engler C, Gruetzner R et al (2011) A modular
cloning system for standardized assembly of multigene constructs. PLoS ONE 6:e16765. https://doi.org/
10.1371/journal.pone.0016765
Widholm JM, Kishinami I (1988) Allyl alcohol selection
for lower alcohol dehydrogenase activity in Nicotiana
plumbaginifolia cultured cells. Plant Physiol 86:266–
269. https://doi.org/10.1104/PP.86.1.266
Wiedenheft B, Sternberg SH, Doudna JA (2012) RNA-guided
genetic silencing systems in bacteria and archaea. Nature
482:331–338. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10886
Woodard SL, Wilken LR, Barros GOF et al (2009)
Evaluation of monoclonal antibody and phenolic
extraction from transgenic Lemna for purification
process development. Biotechnol Bioeng 104:562–
571. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.22428
Xu J, Cui W, Cheng JJ, Stomp AM (2011) Production of
high-starch duckweed and its conversion to bioethanol. Biosyst Eng 110:67–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
biosystemseng.2011.06.007
Yamamoto YT, Rajbhandari N, Lin X et al (2001)
Genetic transformation of duckweed Lemna gibba and
Lemna minor. Vitr Cell Dev Biol - Plant 37:349–353.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-001-0062-6
Ziegler P, Adelmann K, Zimmer S et al (2015) Relative
invitro growth rates of duckweeds (Lemnaceae)—the
most rapidly growing higher plants. Plant Biol 17:33–
41. https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.12184
17 Editing the Genome of Wolffia australiana
177
Genetically engineered duckweed 66:37
Stomp AM (2005) The duckweeds: a valuable plant for
biomanufacturing. Biotechnol Annu Rev 11:69–99.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1387-2656(05)11002-3
Tang L, Zeng Y, Du H et al (2017) CRISPR/Cas9-mediated
gene editing in human zygotes using Cas9 protein. Mol
Genet Genomics 292:525–533. https://doi.org/10.
1007/s00438-017-1299-z
Thompson BG (1989) The maximization of the productivity of aquatic plants for use in controlled ecological
life support systems (CELSS). Acta Astronaut 19:269–
273. https://doi.org/10.1016/0094-5765(89)90039-8
Van Hoeck A, Horemans N, Monsieurs P et al (2015) The first
draft genome of the aquatic model plant Lemna minor
opens the route for future stress physiology research and
biotechnological applications. Biotechnol Biofuels 8:188.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-015-0381-1
Vu GTH, Cao HX, Watanabe K et al (2014) Repair of
site-specific DNA double-strand breaks in barley
occurs via diverse pathways primarily involving the
sister chromatid. Plant Cell 26:2156–2167. https://doi.
org/10.1105/tpc.114.126607
Vunsh R, Li J, Hanania U et al (2007) High expression of
transgene protein in Spirodela. Plant Cell Rep 26:1511–
1519. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-007-0361-4
Wang W, Haberer G, Gundlach H et al (2014) The Spirodela
polyrhiza genome reveals insights into its neotenous
reduction fast growth and aquatic lifestyle. Nat Commun
5:3311. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4311
Wang W, Kerstetter RA, Michael TP (2011) Evolution of
genome size in duckweeds (Lemnaceae). J Bot
2011:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/570319
Wang W, Messing J (2011) High-throughput sequencing
of three Lemnoideae (duckweeds) chloroplast genomes from total DNA. PLoS ONE 6:e24670. https://
doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0024670
Weber E, Engler C, Gruetzner R et al (2011) A modular
cloning system for standardized assembly of multigene constructs. PLoS ONE 6:e16765. https://doi.org/
10.1371/journal.pone.0016765
Widholm JM, Kishinami I (1988) Allyl alcohol selection
for lower alcohol dehydrogenase activity in Nicotiana
plumbaginifolia cultured cells. Plant Physiol 86:266–
269. https://doi.org/10.1104/PP.86.1.266
Wiedenheft B, Sternberg SH, Doudna JA (2012) RNA-guided
genetic silencing systems in bacteria and archaea. Nature
482:331–338. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10886
Woodard SL, Wilken LR, Barros GOF et al (2009)
Evaluation of monoclonal antibody and phenolic
extraction from transgenic Lemna for purification
process development. Biotechnol Bioeng 104:562–
571. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.22428
Xu J, Cui W, Cheng JJ, Stomp AM (2011) Production of
high-starch duckweed and its conversion to bioethanol. Biosyst Eng 110:67–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
biosystemseng.2011.06.007
Yamamoto YT, Rajbhandari N, Lin X et al (2001)
Genetic transformation of duckweed Lemna gibba and
Lemna minor. Vitr Cell Dev Biol - Plant 37:349–353.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-001-0062-6
Ziegler P, Adelmann K, Zimmer S et al (2015) Relative
invitro growth rates of duckweeds (Lemnaceae)—the
most rapidly growing higher plants. Plant Biol 17:33–
41. https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.12184
17 Editing the Genome of Wolffia australiana
177