Hemmersbach R, Braun M (2006) Gravity-sensing and gravity-related signaling pathways in
unicellular model systems of protists and plants. Signal Transduct 6:432–442
Hemmersbach R, Donath R (1995) Gravitaxis of Loxodes and Paramecium. Eur J Protistol 31:433
Hemmersbach R, Häder D-P (1999) Graviresponses of certain ciliates and flagellates. FASEB J 13:
S69–S75
Hemmersbach R, Voormanns R, Briegleb W, Rieder N, Häder D-P (1996) Influence of accelerations on the spatial orientation of Loxodes and Paramecium. J Biotechnol 47:271–278
Hemmersbach R, Voormanns R, Bromeis B, Schmidt N, Rabien H, Ivanova K (1998) Comparative
studies of the graviresponses of Paramecium and Loxodes. Adv Space Res 21:1285–1289
Hemmersbach R, Volkmann D, Häder D-P (1999) Graviorientation in protists and plants. J Plant
Physiol 154:1–15
Hemmersbach-Krause R, Häder D-P (1990) Negative gravitaxis (geotaxis) of Paramecium –
demonstrated by image analysis. Appl Micrograv Technol 4:221–223
Hemmersbach-Krause R, Briegleb W, Häder D-P (1991) Dependence of gravitaxis in Paramecium
on oxygen. Eur J Protistol 27:278–282
Hemmersbach-Krause R, Briegleb W, Häder D-P, Vogel K, Grothe D, Meyer I (1993) Orientation
of Paramecium under the conditions of weightlessness. J Eukaryot Microbiol 40:439–446
Iseki M, Matsunaga S, Murakami A, Ohno K, Shiga K, Yoshida C, Sugai M, Takahashi T, Hori T,
Watanabe M (2002) A blue-light-activated adenylyl cyclase mediates photoavoidance in
Euglena gracilis. Nature 415:1047–1051
Jarman AP, Groves AK (2013) The role of atonal transcription factors in the development of
mechanosensitive cells. Semin Cell Dev Biol 24:438–447
Kessler JO, Hill NA (1997) Complementarity of physics, biology and geometry in the dynamics of
swimming micro-organisms. In: Physics of biological systems. Springer, Berlin, pp 325–340
Kianianmomeni A, Hallmann A (2014) Algal photoreceptors: in vivo functions and potential
applications. Planta 239:1–26
Köhler O (1921) Über die Geotaxis von Paramecium. Verhandlungen der Deutschen Zoologischen
Gesellschaft 26:69–71
Krause M (1999) Elektrophysiologie, Mechanosensitivität und Schwerkraftbeantwortung von
Bursaria truncatella Diploma thesis, Fakultät für Biologie der Ruhr-Universität Bochum
Krause M, Bräucker R, Hemmersbach R (2010) Gravikinesis in Stylonychia mytilus is based on
membrane potential changes. J Exp Biol 213:161–171
Lebert M, Häder D-P (1996) How Euglena tells up from down. Nature 379:590
Lebert M, Richter P, Porst M, Häder D-P (1996) Mechanism of gravitaxis in the flagellate Euglena
gracilis. Proceedings of the 12th C.E.B.A.S.workshops. Annual issue 1996, Ruhr-University of
Bochum, Bochum, Germany
Lebert M, Richter P, Häder D-P (1997) Signal perception and transduction of gravitaxis in the
flagellate Euglena gracilis. J Plant Physiol 150:685–690
Lebert M, Porst M, Häder D-P (1999a) Circadian rhythm of gravitaxis in Euglena gracilis. J Plant
Physiol 155:344–349
Lebert M, Porst M, Richter P, Häder D-P (1999b) Physical characterization of gravitaxis in Euglena
gracilis. J Plant Physiol 155:338–343
Machemer H (1994) Gravity-dependent modulation of swimming rate in ciliates. Acta Protozool
33:53–57
Machemer H, Bräucker R (1992) Gravireception and graviresponses in ciliates. Acta Protozool
31:185–214
Machemer-Röhnisch S, Bräucker R, Machemer H (1998) Graviresponses of gliding and swimming
Loxodes using step transition to weightlessness. J Eukaryot Microbiol 45:411–418
Maree AFM, Panfilov AV, Hogeweg P (1999) Migration and thermotaxis of Dictyostelium
discoideum slugs, a model study. J Theor Biol 199:297–309
Moore A (1903) Some facts concerning geotropic gatherings of paramecia. Am J Physiol
9:238–244
Naccache PH (1985) Neutrophil activation and calmodulin antagonists. In: Hidaka H,
Hartshorne DJ (eds) Calmodulin antagonists and cellular physiology. Academic Press, Orlando,
pp 149–160
References
43
unicellular model systems of protists and plants. Signal Transduct 6:432–442
Hemmersbach R, Donath R (1995) Gravitaxis of Loxodes and Paramecium. Eur J Protistol 31:433
Hemmersbach R, Häder D-P (1999) Graviresponses of certain ciliates and flagellates. FASEB J 13:
S69–S75
Hemmersbach R, Voormanns R, Briegleb W, Rieder N, Häder D-P (1996) Influence of accelerations on the spatial orientation of Loxodes and Paramecium. J Biotechnol 47:271–278
Hemmersbach R, Voormanns R, Bromeis B, Schmidt N, Rabien H, Ivanova K (1998) Comparative
studies of the graviresponses of Paramecium and Loxodes. Adv Space Res 21:1285–1289
Hemmersbach R, Volkmann D, Häder D-P (1999) Graviorientation in protists and plants. J Plant
Physiol 154:1–15
Hemmersbach-Krause R, Häder D-P (1990) Negative gravitaxis (geotaxis) of Paramecium –
demonstrated by image analysis. Appl Micrograv Technol 4:221–223
Hemmersbach-Krause R, Briegleb W, Häder D-P (1991) Dependence of gravitaxis in Paramecium
on oxygen. Eur J Protistol 27:278–282
Hemmersbach-Krause R, Briegleb W, Häder D-P, Vogel K, Grothe D, Meyer I (1993) Orientation
of Paramecium under the conditions of weightlessness. J Eukaryot Microbiol 40:439–446
Iseki M, Matsunaga S, Murakami A, Ohno K, Shiga K, Yoshida C, Sugai M, Takahashi T, Hori T,
Watanabe M (2002) A blue-light-activated adenylyl cyclase mediates photoavoidance in
Euglena gracilis. Nature 415:1047–1051
Jarman AP, Groves AK (2013) The role of atonal transcription factors in the development of
mechanosensitive cells. Semin Cell Dev Biol 24:438–447
Kessler JO, Hill NA (1997) Complementarity of physics, biology and geometry in the dynamics of
swimming micro-organisms. In: Physics of biological systems. Springer, Berlin, pp 325–340
Kianianmomeni A, Hallmann A (2014) Algal photoreceptors: in vivo functions and potential
applications. Planta 239:1–26
Köhler O (1921) Über die Geotaxis von Paramecium. Verhandlungen der Deutschen Zoologischen
Gesellschaft 26:69–71
Krause M (1999) Elektrophysiologie, Mechanosensitivität und Schwerkraftbeantwortung von
Bursaria truncatella Diploma thesis, Fakultät für Biologie der Ruhr-Universität Bochum
Krause M, Bräucker R, Hemmersbach R (2010) Gravikinesis in Stylonychia mytilus is based on
membrane potential changes. J Exp Biol 213:161–171
Lebert M, Häder D-P (1996) How Euglena tells up from down. Nature 379:590
Lebert M, Richter P, Porst M, Häder D-P (1996) Mechanism of gravitaxis in the flagellate Euglena
gracilis. Proceedings of the 12th C.E.B.A.S.workshops. Annual issue 1996, Ruhr-University of
Bochum, Bochum, Germany
Lebert M, Richter P, Häder D-P (1997) Signal perception and transduction of gravitaxis in the
flagellate Euglena gracilis. J Plant Physiol 150:685–690
Lebert M, Porst M, Häder D-P (1999a) Circadian rhythm of gravitaxis in Euglena gracilis. J Plant
Physiol 155:344–349
Lebert M, Porst M, Richter P, Häder D-P (1999b) Physical characterization of gravitaxis in Euglena
gracilis. J Plant Physiol 155:338–343
Machemer H (1994) Gravity-dependent modulation of swimming rate in ciliates. Acta Protozool
33:53–57
Machemer H, Bräucker R (1992) Gravireception and graviresponses in ciliates. Acta Protozool
31:185–214
Machemer-Röhnisch S, Bräucker R, Machemer H (1998) Graviresponses of gliding and swimming
Loxodes using step transition to weightlessness. J Eukaryot Microbiol 45:411–418
Maree AFM, Panfilov AV, Hogeweg P (1999) Migration and thermotaxis of Dictyostelium
discoideum slugs, a model study. J Theor Biol 199:297–309
Moore A (1903) Some facts concerning geotropic gatherings of paramecia. Am J Physiol
9:238–244
Naccache PH (1985) Neutrophil activation and calmodulin antagonists. In: Hidaka H,
Hartshorne DJ (eds) Calmodulin antagonists and cellular physiology. Academic Press, Orlando,
pp 149–160
References
43