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level. In: Baumstark-Khan C, Horneck G (eds) Astrobiology: the quest for the conditions of life.
Springer Verlag, Berlin, pp 284–297
Cai Y, Nagel DJ, Zhou Q, Cygnar KD, Zhao H, Li F, Pi X, Knight PA, Yan C (2015) Role of
cAMP-phosphodiesterase 1C signaling in regulating growth factor receptor stability, vascular
smooth muscle cell growth, migration, and neointimal hyperplasia. Circ Res 116:1120–1132
Callow ME, Callow JA, Pickett-Heaps JD, Wetherbee R (1997) Primary adhesion of Enteromorpha
(Chlorophyta, Ulvales) propagules: quantitative settlement studies and video microscopy.
J Phycol 33:938–947
Cameron R, Baillie GS (2012) cAMP-specific phosphodiesterases: modulation, inhibition, and
activation. In: Botana LM, Loza M (eds) Therapeutic targets: modulation, inhibition, and
activation. Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, p 1
Chang SC, Kaufman PB (2000) Effects of staurosporine, okadaic acid and sodium fluoride
on protein phophorylation in graviresponding oat shoot pulvini. Plant Physiol Biochem
38:315–323
Clegg MR, Maberly SC, Jones RI (2003) Chemosensory behavioural response of freshwater
phytoplanktonic flagellates. Plant Cell Environ 27:123–135
Daiker V, Häder D-P, Lebert M (2010) Molecular characterization of calmodulins involved in the
signal transduction chain of gravitaxis in Euglena. Planta 231:1229–1236
Daiker V, Häder D-P, Richter RP, Lebert M (2011) The involvement of a protein kinase in
phototaxis and gravitaxis of Euglena gracilis. Planta 233:1055–1062
Dennison DS, Shropshire W Jr (1984) The gravireceptor of Phycomyces. Its development following
gravity exposure. J Gen Physiol 84:845–859
Eggersdorfer B, Häder D-P (1991) Phototaxis, gravitaxis and vertical migrations in the marine
dinoflagellate Prorocentrum micans. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 85:319–326
Favaro E, Granata R, Miceli I, Baragli A, Settanni F, Perin PC, Ghigo E, Camussi G, Zanone M
(2012) The ghrelin gene products and exendin-4 promote survival of human pancreatic islet
endothelial cells in hyperglycaemic conditions, through phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt, extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) 1/2 and cAMP/protein kinase a (PKA) signalling pathways.
Diabetologia 55:1058–1070
Fenchel T, Finlay BJ (1984) Geotaxis in the ciliated protozoon Loxodes. J Exp Biol 110:17–33
Fenchel T, Finlay BJ (1986) The structure and function of Müller vesicles in loxodid ciliates.
J Protozool 33:69–76
Fenchel T, Finlay BJ (1990) Oxygen toxicity, respiration and behavioural responses to oxygen in
free-living anaerobic ciliates. J Gen Microbiol 136:1953–1959
Fiedler B, Börner T, Wilde A (2005) Phototaxis in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC
6803: role of different photoreceptors. Photochem Photobiol 81:1481–1488
Finlay BJ, Tellez C, Esteban G (1993) Diversity of free-living ciliates in the sandy sediment of a
Spanish stream in winter. J Gen Microbiol 139:2855–2863
Fraenkel GS, Gunn DL (1961) The orientation of animals (Kineses, taxes and compass reactions).
Dover Publication, New York
Friedrich ULD, Joop O, Pütz C, Willich G (1996) The slow rotating centrifuge microscope NIZEMI
– a versatile instrument for terrestrial hypergravity and space microgravity research in biology
and materials science. J Biotechnol 47:225–238
Fukui K, Asai H (1985) Negative geotactic behavior of Paramecium caudatum is completely
described by the mechanism of buoyancy-oriented upward swimming. Biophys J 47:479–482
Gebauer M, Watzke D, Machemer H (1999) The gravikinetic response of Paramecium is based on
orientation-dependent mechanotransduction. Naturwissenschaften 86:352–356
Häder D-P (1991) Strategy of orientation in flagellates. In: Riklis E (ed) Photobiology. Springer,
Boston, MA, pp 497–510
Häder D-P (1997) Gravitaxis and phototaxis in the flagellate Euglena studied on TEXUS missions.
In: Cogoli A, Friedrich U, Mesland D, Demets R (eds) Life science experiments performed on
sounding rockets (1985–1994). ESA Publications Division, Noordwijk, pp 77–79
References
41
Bräucker R, Cogoli A, Hemmersbach R (2001) Graviperception and graviresponse at the cellular
level. In: Baumstark-Khan C, Horneck G (eds) Astrobiology: the quest for the conditions of life.
Springer Verlag, Berlin, pp 284–297
Cai Y, Nagel DJ, Zhou Q, Cygnar KD, Zhao H, Li F, Pi X, Knight PA, Yan C (2015) Role of
cAMP-phosphodiesterase 1C signaling in regulating growth factor receptor stability, vascular
smooth muscle cell growth, migration, and neointimal hyperplasia. Circ Res 116:1120–1132
Callow ME, Callow JA, Pickett-Heaps JD, Wetherbee R (1997) Primary adhesion of Enteromorpha
(Chlorophyta, Ulvales) propagules: quantitative settlement studies and video microscopy.
J Phycol 33:938–947
Cameron R, Baillie GS (2012) cAMP-specific phosphodiesterases: modulation, inhibition, and
activation. In: Botana LM, Loza M (eds) Therapeutic targets: modulation, inhibition, and
activation. Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, p 1
Chang SC, Kaufman PB (2000) Effects of staurosporine, okadaic acid and sodium fluoride
on protein phophorylation in graviresponding oat shoot pulvini. Plant Physiol Biochem
38:315–323
Clegg MR, Maberly SC, Jones RI (2003) Chemosensory behavioural response of freshwater
phytoplanktonic flagellates. Plant Cell Environ 27:123–135
Daiker V, Häder D-P, Lebert M (2010) Molecular characterization of calmodulins involved in the
signal transduction chain of gravitaxis in Euglena. Planta 231:1229–1236
Daiker V, Häder D-P, Richter RP, Lebert M (2011) The involvement of a protein kinase in
phototaxis and gravitaxis of Euglena gracilis. Planta 233:1055–1062
Dennison DS, Shropshire W Jr (1984) The gravireceptor of Phycomyces. Its development following
gravity exposure. J Gen Physiol 84:845–859
Eggersdorfer B, Häder D-P (1991) Phototaxis, gravitaxis and vertical migrations in the marine
dinoflagellate Prorocentrum micans. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 85:319–326
Favaro E, Granata R, Miceli I, Baragli A, Settanni F, Perin PC, Ghigo E, Camussi G, Zanone M
(2012) The ghrelin gene products and exendin-4 promote survival of human pancreatic islet
endothelial cells in hyperglycaemic conditions, through phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt, extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) 1/2 and cAMP/protein kinase a (PKA) signalling pathways.
Diabetologia 55:1058–1070
Fenchel T, Finlay BJ (1984) Geotaxis in the ciliated protozoon Loxodes. J Exp Biol 110:17–33
Fenchel T, Finlay BJ (1986) The structure and function of Müller vesicles in loxodid ciliates.
J Protozool 33:69–76
Fenchel T, Finlay BJ (1990) Oxygen toxicity, respiration and behavioural responses to oxygen in
free-living anaerobic ciliates. J Gen Microbiol 136:1953–1959
Fiedler B, Börner T, Wilde A (2005) Phototaxis in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC
6803: role of different photoreceptors. Photochem Photobiol 81:1481–1488
Finlay BJ, Tellez C, Esteban G (1993) Diversity of free-living ciliates in the sandy sediment of a
Spanish stream in winter. J Gen Microbiol 139:2855–2863
Fraenkel GS, Gunn DL (1961) The orientation of animals (Kineses, taxes and compass reactions).
Dover Publication, New York
Friedrich ULD, Joop O, Pütz C, Willich G (1996) The slow rotating centrifuge microscope NIZEMI
– a versatile instrument for terrestrial hypergravity and space microgravity research in biology
and materials science. J Biotechnol 47:225–238
Fukui K, Asai H (1985) Negative geotactic behavior of Paramecium caudatum is completely
described by the mechanism of buoyancy-oriented upward swimming. Biophys J 47:479–482
Gebauer M, Watzke D, Machemer H (1999) The gravikinetic response of Paramecium is based on
orientation-dependent mechanotransduction. Naturwissenschaften 86:352–356
Häder D-P (1991) Strategy of orientation in flagellates. In: Riklis E (ed) Photobiology. Springer,
Boston, MA, pp 497–510
Häder D-P (1997) Gravitaxis and phototaxis in the flagellate Euglena studied on TEXUS missions.
In: Cogoli A, Friedrich U, Mesland D, Demets R (eds) Life science experiments performed on
sounding rockets (1985–1994). ESA Publications Division, Noordwijk, pp 77–79
References
41