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115. K. Nagayama, Biological applications of phase-contrast electron microscopy. Methods Mol.
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116. G.P. Kishchenko et al., Effect of fringe-artifact correction on sub-tomogram averaging from
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118. J. Dubochet, et al., CEMOVIS: Cryo-electron microscopy of vitreous sections, in Handbook
of Cryo-Preparation Methods for Electron Microscopy, ed. by B. Humbel D. Spehner (CRC
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1 Electron Tomography: A Primer
31
146–156 (1986)
95. A.P. Leis et al., Cryo- electron tomography of biological specimens: the essential role of
digital signal processing. IEEE Signal Process. Mag. 23(3), 95–103 (2006)
96. G.T. Herman, S. Rowland, Resolution in ART. An experimental investigation of the
resolving power of an algebraic picture reconstruction technique. J. Theor. Biol. 33(1), 213–
23 (1971)
97. G.T. Herman, A. Lent, S.W. Rowland, ART: mathematics and applications. A report on the
mathematical foundations and on the applicability to real data of the algebraic reconstruction
techniques. J. Theor. Biol. 42(1), 1–32 (1973)
98. P. Gilbert, Iterative methods for 3-dimensional reconstruction of an object from projections.
J. Theoret. Biol. 36(1), 105–117 (1972)
99. R. Danev et al., Volta potential phase plate for in-focus phase contrast transmission electron
microscopy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 111(44), 15635–40 (2014)
100. G. Cardone, K. Grunewald, A.C. Steven, A resolution criterion for electron tomography
based on cross-validation. J. Struct. Biol. 151(2), 117–29 (2005)
101. P.A. Penczek, Resolution measures in molecular electron microscopy. Methods Enzymol.
482, 73–100 (2010)
102. D. Derosier, 3D reconstruction from electron micrographs a personal account of its
development. Methods Enzymol. 481, 1–24 (2010)
103. A.B. Maunsbach, B.A. Afzelius, Biomedical Electron Microscopy: Illustrated Methods and
Interpretations (San Diego: Academic Press, 1999), p. 548
104. S.W. Watson et al., A lobular, ammonia-oxidizing bacterium, Nitrosolobus multiformis
nov.gen.nov.sp. Arch. Mikrobiol. 76(3), 183–203 (1971)
105. A. Rigort et al., Automated segmentation of electron tomograms for a quantitative
description of actin filament networks. J. Struct. Biol. 177(1), 135–44 (2012)
106. M. Rusu et al., Automated tracing of filaments in 3D electron tomography reconstructions
using Sculptor and Situs. J. Struct. Biol. 178(2), 121–8 (2012)
107. O. Medalia et al., Macromolecular architecture in eukaryotic cells visualized by cryoelectron
tomography. Science 298(5596), 1209–13 (2002)
108. A.S. Frangakis, R. Hegerl, Noise reduction in electron tomographic reconstructions using
nonlinear anisotropic diffusion. J. Struct. Biol. 135(3), 239–50 (2001)
109. R. Henderson, Realizing the potential of electron cryo-microscopy. Q. Rev. Biophys. 37(1),
3–13 (2004)
110. Y. Fukuda et al., Electron cryotomography of vitrified cells with a Volta phase plate.
J. Struct. Biol. 190(2), 143–54 (2015)
111. G. McMullan et al., Enhanced imaging in low dose electron microscopy using electron
counting. Ultramicroscopy 109, 1411–1416 (2009)
112. F. Forster et al., Retrovirus envelope protein complex structure in situ studied by
cryo-electron tomography. Proc. Natl. Acad.Sci. U. S. A. 102(13), 4729–34 (2005)
113. F.K. Schur et al., Structure of the immature HIV-1 capsid in intact virus particles at 8.8 A
resolution. Nature 517(7535), 505–8 (2015)
114. K. Murata et al., Zernike phase contrast cryo-electron microscopy and tomography for
structure determination at nanometer and subnanometer resolutions. Structure 18(8), 903–12
(2010)
115. K. Nagayama, Biological applications of phase-contrast electron microscopy. Methods Mol.
Biol. 1117, 385–99 (2014)
116. G.P. Kishchenko et al., Effect of fringe-artifact correction on sub-tomogram averaging from
Zernike phase-plate cryo-TEM. J. Struct. Biol. 191(3), 299–305 (2015)
117. T.H. Sharp, A.J. Koster, P. Gros, Heterogeneous MAC Initiator and Pore Structures in a
Lipid Bilayer by Phase-Plate Cryo-electron Tomography. Cell. Rep. 15(1), 1–8 (2016)
118. J. Dubochet, et al., CEMOVIS: Cryo-electron microscopy of vitreous sections, in Handbook
of Cryo-Preparation Methods for Electron Microscopy, ed. by B. Humbel D. Spehner (CRC
Press: Boca Raton, 2009) pp. 259–289
1 Electron Tomography: A Primer
31