17. C. Loussert Fonta, B.M. Humbel, Correlative microscopy. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 581,
98–110 (2015)
18. Frank, J., ed. Electron tomography: methods for visualization of structures in the Cell. 2nd
ed. (Springer: New York, 2006) p. 464
19. A.E. Yakushevska et al., STEM tomography in cell biology. J. Struct. Biol. 159(3), 381–91
(2007)
20. S.G. Wolf, L. Houben, M. Elbaum, Cryo-scanning transmission electron tomography of
vitrified cells. Nat. Methods 11(4), 423–8 (2014)
21. W. Denk, H. Horstmann, Serial block-face scanning electron microscopy to reconstruct
three-dimensional tissue nanostructure. PLoS Biol. 2(11), e329 (2004)
22. M. Ballerini et al., Life science applications of focused ion beams (FIB). Eur. J. Histochem.
41(Suppl 2), 89–90 (1997)
23. J.A. Heymann et al., Site-specific 3D imaging of cells and tissues with a dual beam
microscope. J. Struct. Biol. 155(1), 63–73 (2006)
24. G. Knott et al., Serial section scanning electron microscopy of adult brain tissue using
focused ion beam milling. J. Neurosci. 28(12), 2959–64 (2008)
25. G. Knott, S. Rosset, M. Cantoni, Focussed ion beam milling and scanning electron
microscopy of brain tissue. J. Vis. Exp. 53, e2588 (2011)
26. C. Kizilyaprak, J. Daraspe, B.M. Humbel, Focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy
in biology. J. Microsc. 254(3), 109–14 (2014)
27. W. Chiu et al., Electron cryomicroscopy of biological machines at subnanometer resolution.
Structure 13(3), 363–72 (2005)
28. J. Frank, Single-particle reconstruction of biological macromolecules in electron
microscopy–30 years. Q. Rev. Biophys. 42(3), 139–58 (2009)
29. C.F. Hryc, D.H. Chen, W. Chiu, Near-atomic-resolution cryo-EM for molecular virology.
Curr. Opin. Virol. 1(2), 110–7 (2011)
30. J. Chang et al., Reconstructing virus structures from nanometer to near-atomic resolutions
with cryo-electron microscopy and tomography. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 726, 49–90 (2012)
31. X.C. Bai, G. McMullan, S.H. Scheres, How cryo-EM is revolutionizing structural biology.
Trends Biochem. Sci. 40(1), 49–57 (2015)
32. E. Binshtein, M.D. Ohi, Cryo-electron microscopy and the amazing race to atomic
resolution. Biochemistry 54(20), 3133–41 (2015)
33. D. Elmlund, H. Elmlund, Cryogenic electron microscopy and single-particle analysis. Annu.
Rev. Biochem. 84, 499–517 (2015)
34. A.C. Steven, W. Baumeister, The future is hybrid. J. Struct. Biol. 163(3), 186–195 (2008)
35. Plitzko, J.M. W. Baumeister, in Cryoelectron Tomography (CET), in Science of Microscopy,
ed. by P.W. Hawkes, J.C.H. Spence (Springer: New York, 2007)
36. M.G. Rossmann, Structure of viruses: a short history. Q. Rev. Biophys. 46(2), 133–80
(2013)
37. C.M. Oikonomou, G.J. Jensen, A new view into prokaryotic cell biology from electron
cryotomography. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 14(4), 205–20 (2016)
38. S. Asano et al., Proteasomes. A molecular census of 26S proteasomes in intact neurons.
Science 347(6220), 439–42 (2015)
39. B.D. Engel et al., In situ structural analysis of Golgi intracisternal protein arrays. Proc. Natl.
Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 112(36), 11264–9 (2015)
40. Engel, B.D., et al., Native architecture of theChlamydomonaschloroplast revealed by in situ
cryo-electron tomography. Elife 4 (2015)
41. J. Mahamid et al., Visualizing the molecular sociology at the HeLa cell nuclear periphery.
Science 351(6276), 969–72 (2016)
42. W. Hoppe et al., Three-dimensional reconstruction of individual negatively stained yeast
fatty-acid synthetase molecules from tilt series in the electron microscope. Hoppe Seylers Z.
Physiol. Chem. 355(11), 1483–7 (1974)
43. B.J. Marsh, M. Pavelka, Viewing Golgi structure and function from a different perspective–
insights from electron tomography. Methods Cell. Biol. 118, 259–79 (2013)
28
A. Leis
98–110 (2015)
18. Frank, J., ed. Electron tomography: methods for visualization of structures in the Cell. 2nd
ed. (Springer: New York, 2006) p. 464
19. A.E. Yakushevska et al., STEM tomography in cell biology. J. Struct. Biol. 159(3), 381–91
(2007)
20. S.G. Wolf, L. Houben, M. Elbaum, Cryo-scanning transmission electron tomography of
vitrified cells. Nat. Methods 11(4), 423–8 (2014)
21. W. Denk, H. Horstmann, Serial block-face scanning electron microscopy to reconstruct
three-dimensional tissue nanostructure. PLoS Biol. 2(11), e329 (2004)
22. M. Ballerini et al., Life science applications of focused ion beams (FIB). Eur. J. Histochem.
41(Suppl 2), 89–90 (1997)
23. J.A. Heymann et al., Site-specific 3D imaging of cells and tissues with a dual beam
microscope. J. Struct. Biol. 155(1), 63–73 (2006)
24. G. Knott et al., Serial section scanning electron microscopy of adult brain tissue using
focused ion beam milling. J. Neurosci. 28(12), 2959–64 (2008)
25. G. Knott, S. Rosset, M. Cantoni, Focussed ion beam milling and scanning electron
microscopy of brain tissue. J. Vis. Exp. 53, e2588 (2011)
26. C. Kizilyaprak, J. Daraspe, B.M. Humbel, Focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy
in biology. J. Microsc. 254(3), 109–14 (2014)
27. W. Chiu et al., Electron cryomicroscopy of biological machines at subnanometer resolution.
Structure 13(3), 363–72 (2005)
28. J. Frank, Single-particle reconstruction of biological macromolecules in electron
microscopy–30 years. Q. Rev. Biophys. 42(3), 139–58 (2009)
29. C.F. Hryc, D.H. Chen, W. Chiu, Near-atomic-resolution cryo-EM for molecular virology.
Curr. Opin. Virol. 1(2), 110–7 (2011)
30. J. Chang et al., Reconstructing virus structures from nanometer to near-atomic resolutions
with cryo-electron microscopy and tomography. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 726, 49–90 (2012)
31. X.C. Bai, G. McMullan, S.H. Scheres, How cryo-EM is revolutionizing structural biology.
Trends Biochem. Sci. 40(1), 49–57 (2015)
32. E. Binshtein, M.D. Ohi, Cryo-electron microscopy and the amazing race to atomic
resolution. Biochemistry 54(20), 3133–41 (2015)
33. D. Elmlund, H. Elmlund, Cryogenic electron microscopy and single-particle analysis. Annu.
Rev. Biochem. 84, 499–517 (2015)
34. A.C. Steven, W. Baumeister, The future is hybrid. J. Struct. Biol. 163(3), 186–195 (2008)
35. Plitzko, J.M. W. Baumeister, in Cryoelectron Tomography (CET), in Science of Microscopy,
ed. by P.W. Hawkes, J.C.H. Spence (Springer: New York, 2007)
36. M.G. Rossmann, Structure of viruses: a short history. Q. Rev. Biophys. 46(2), 133–80
(2013)
37. C.M. Oikonomou, G.J. Jensen, A new view into prokaryotic cell biology from electron
cryotomography. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 14(4), 205–20 (2016)
38. S. Asano et al., Proteasomes. A molecular census of 26S proteasomes in intact neurons.
Science 347(6220), 439–42 (2015)
39. B.D. Engel et al., In situ structural analysis of Golgi intracisternal protein arrays. Proc. Natl.
Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 112(36), 11264–9 (2015)
40. Engel, B.D., et al., Native architecture of theChlamydomonaschloroplast revealed by in situ
cryo-electron tomography. Elife 4 (2015)
41. J. Mahamid et al., Visualizing the molecular sociology at the HeLa cell nuclear periphery.
Science 351(6276), 969–72 (2016)
42. W. Hoppe et al., Three-dimensional reconstruction of individual negatively stained yeast
fatty-acid synthetase molecules from tilt series in the electron microscope. Hoppe Seylers Z.
Physiol. Chem. 355(11), 1483–7 (1974)
43. B.J. Marsh, M. Pavelka, Viewing Golgi structure and function from a different perspective–
insights from electron tomography. Methods Cell. Biol. 118, 259–79 (2013)
28
A. Leis