7. Bouchard P, Hutabarat R, Thompson K (2010) Discovery and development of therapeutic
aptamers. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 50:237–257
8. Kaur H, Bruno J, Kumar A et al (2018) Aptamers in the therapeutics and diagnostics pipelines.
Theranostics 8:4016–4032
9. Chandola C, Kalme S, Casteleijn M et al (2016) Application of aptamers in diagnostics, drugdelivery and imaging. J Biosci 41:535–561
10. Chen K, Chen X (2010) Design and development of molecular imaging probes. Curr Top Med
Chem 10:1227–1236
11. Sicco E, Báez J, Margenat J et al (2018) Derivatizations of Sgc8-c aptamer to prepare metallic
radiopharmaceuticals as imaging diagnostic agents: syntheses, isolations, and physicochemical characterizations. Chem Biol Drug Des 91:74–755
12. Wang T, Chen C, Larcher L et al (2019) Three decades of nucleic acid aptamer technologies:
lessons learned, progress and opportunities on aptamer development. Biotechnol Adv
37:28–50
13. Barciszewski J, Medgaard M, Koch T et al (2009) Locked nucleic acid aptamers. Methods Mol
Biol 535:165–186
14. Steele F, Gold L (2012) The sweet allure of XNA. Nat Biotech 30:624–625
15. Cheung Y, Kwok J, Law A et al (2013) Structural basis for discriminatory recognition of
Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase by a DNA aptamer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
110:15967–15972
16. Cheng A, Calabro V, Frankel A (2001) Design of RNA-binding proteins and ligands. Curr
Opin Struct Biol 11:478–484
17. Lakhin A, Tarantul V, Gening L (2013) Aptamers: problems, solutions and prospects. Acta
Nat 5:34–43
18. Darmostuk M, Rimpelova S, Gbelcova H et al (2015) Current approaches in SELEX: an
update to aptamer selection technology. Biotechnol Adv 33:1141–1161
19. Cowperthwaite M, Ellington A (2008) Bioinformatic analysis of the contribution of primer
sequences to aptamer structures. J Mol Evol 67:95–102
20. Eaton BE (1997) The joys of in vitro selection: chemically dressing oligonucleotides to satiate
protein targets. Curr Opin Chem Biol 1:10–16
21. Sacca B, Lacroix L, Mergny JL (2005) The effect of chemical modifications on the
thermal stability of different g-quadruplex-forming oligonucleotides. Nucleic Acids Res
33:1182–1192
22. Schmidt KS, Borkowski S, Kurreck J et al (2004) Application of locked nucleic acids to
improve aptamer in vivo stability and targeting function. Nucleic Acids Res 32:5757–5765
23. Hasegawa H, Savory N, Abe K et al (2016) Methods for improving aptamer binding affinity.
Molecules 21:421
24. Drabik A, Ner-Kluza J, Mielczarek P et al (2018) Advances in the study of aptamer-protein
target identification using the chromatographic approach. J Proteome Res 17:2174–2181
25. Wiedman GR, Zhao Y, Mustaev A et al (2017) An aptamer-based biosensor for the azole class
of antifungal drugs. mSphere 2(4):e00274–e00217
26. Blind M, Blank M (2015) Aptamer selection technology and recent advances. Mol Ther
Nucleic Acids 4(1):e223
27. Kalra P, Dhiman A, Cho W et al (2018) Simple methods and rational design for enhancing
aptamer sensitivity and specificity. Front Mol Biosci 5:41
28. Kinghorn A, Fraser L, Lang S et al (2017) Aptamer bioinformatics. Int J Mol Sci 18:e2516
29. Röthlisberger P, Hollenstein M (2018) Aptamer chemistry. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 134:3–21
30. Kalia J, Raines R (2010) Advances in bioconjugation. Curr Org Chem 14:138–147
31. Bruno JG (2015) Predicting the uncertain future of aptamer-based diagnostics and therapeutics. Molecules 20:6866–6887
32. Hori S, Herrera A, Rossi JJ et al (2018) Current advances in aptamers for cancer diagnosis and
therapy. Cancers 10:9
Aptamers in Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging Applications
157
aptamers. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 50:237–257
8. Kaur H, Bruno J, Kumar A et al (2018) Aptamers in the therapeutics and diagnostics pipelines.
Theranostics 8:4016–4032
9. Chandola C, Kalme S, Casteleijn M et al (2016) Application of aptamers in diagnostics, drugdelivery and imaging. J Biosci 41:535–561
10. Chen K, Chen X (2010) Design and development of molecular imaging probes. Curr Top Med
Chem 10:1227–1236
11. Sicco E, Báez J, Margenat J et al (2018) Derivatizations of Sgc8-c aptamer to prepare metallic
radiopharmaceuticals as imaging diagnostic agents: syntheses, isolations, and physicochemical characterizations. Chem Biol Drug Des 91:74–755
12. Wang T, Chen C, Larcher L et al (2019) Three decades of nucleic acid aptamer technologies:
lessons learned, progress and opportunities on aptamer development. Biotechnol Adv
37:28–50
13. Barciszewski J, Medgaard M, Koch T et al (2009) Locked nucleic acid aptamers. Methods Mol
Biol 535:165–186
14. Steele F, Gold L (2012) The sweet allure of XNA. Nat Biotech 30:624–625
15. Cheung Y, Kwok J, Law A et al (2013) Structural basis for discriminatory recognition of
Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase by a DNA aptamer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
110:15967–15972
16. Cheng A, Calabro V, Frankel A (2001) Design of RNA-binding proteins and ligands. Curr
Opin Struct Biol 11:478–484
17. Lakhin A, Tarantul V, Gening L (2013) Aptamers: problems, solutions and prospects. Acta
Nat 5:34–43
18. Darmostuk M, Rimpelova S, Gbelcova H et al (2015) Current approaches in SELEX: an
update to aptamer selection technology. Biotechnol Adv 33:1141–1161
19. Cowperthwaite M, Ellington A (2008) Bioinformatic analysis of the contribution of primer
sequences to aptamer structures. J Mol Evol 67:95–102
20. Eaton BE (1997) The joys of in vitro selection: chemically dressing oligonucleotides to satiate
protein targets. Curr Opin Chem Biol 1:10–16
21. Sacca B, Lacroix L, Mergny JL (2005) The effect of chemical modifications on the
thermal stability of different g-quadruplex-forming oligonucleotides. Nucleic Acids Res
33:1182–1192
22. Schmidt KS, Borkowski S, Kurreck J et al (2004) Application of locked nucleic acids to
improve aptamer in vivo stability and targeting function. Nucleic Acids Res 32:5757–5765
23. Hasegawa H, Savory N, Abe K et al (2016) Methods for improving aptamer binding affinity.
Molecules 21:421
24. Drabik A, Ner-Kluza J, Mielczarek P et al (2018) Advances in the study of aptamer-protein
target identification using the chromatographic approach. J Proteome Res 17:2174–2181
25. Wiedman GR, Zhao Y, Mustaev A et al (2017) An aptamer-based biosensor for the azole class
of antifungal drugs. mSphere 2(4):e00274–e00217
26. Blind M, Blank M (2015) Aptamer selection technology and recent advances. Mol Ther
Nucleic Acids 4(1):e223
27. Kalra P, Dhiman A, Cho W et al (2018) Simple methods and rational design for enhancing
aptamer sensitivity and specificity. Front Mol Biosci 5:41
28. Kinghorn A, Fraser L, Lang S et al (2017) Aptamer bioinformatics. Int J Mol Sci 18:e2516
29. Röthlisberger P, Hollenstein M (2018) Aptamer chemistry. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 134:3–21
30. Kalia J, Raines R (2010) Advances in bioconjugation. Curr Org Chem 14:138–147
31. Bruno JG (2015) Predicting the uncertain future of aptamer-based diagnostics and therapeutics. Molecules 20:6866–6887
32. Hori S, Herrera A, Rossi JJ et al (2018) Current advances in aptamers for cancer diagnosis and
therapy. Cancers 10:9
Aptamers in Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging Applications
157