add specific strains of bacteriophages to buffer the stress faced by the microorganisms during the pigmentation process. More so, there is a need to improve on a
biological model that will be employed for predictive analysis of catabolic enzyme
genes and other markers of biological stress, to ensure a perfect clean-up process.
This will inform certain ecological decisions and forestall future strategy for a better
ecorestoration.
Mrozika and Piotrowska-Seget (2010) in a review looked at the clean-up of soils
polluted with aromatic compounds using bioaugmentation approach. The authors
stated that most mutagenic and carcinogenic health risks are associated with the
impacts from aromatic compounds, especially the poly/long chain forms. That
bioaugmentation has been proven to be more efficient in the decontamination
pollutants through the introduction of specific fit consortia of microbes that will
enhance the degradation capacity of already existed inoculum. The authors also
stressed the need to avoid external and inter ecological and biological stressors that
will militate against the biological degrading process. They suggested that the
improvement of bioaugmentation could be attained by distributing suitable microbes
that are powerless on several transporters of triggered soil and the re-engineering of
microbial gene.
The process of the decontamination of oil, diesel, and fuel hydrocarbons in a cold
or snowy situation has become one of the greatest challenges faced in biotechnology
of pollutants.
Kauppi et al. (2011) tested and evaluated the relationship of bioaugmentation and
biostimulation in the improvement of bioremediation of oil, diesel, and fuel hydrocarbons in polluted soil during a cold or snowy condition. The authors used a
different assortment of microorganism inocula, aeration, bulking negotiator, and
nutrient alga under field and laboratory settings. The rRNA genes of the consortia
microbes were explored. The results of their study indicated that proteo-bacteria
were the most well highly distributed microbes in the consortia. The biodegrading
process was more efficient when aeration and nutrients were slowly released concurrently. The microbial inocula was unable to improve the remediation of the soil
nor was a long-lasting consortia density noticed in the laboratory setting. However,
in the field setting, the result showed that there was enough aeration and excess
decrease of moisture when the bulking negotiator was employed. The findings from
their study showed that bioaugmentation was not effective under cold condition. The
authors concluded that the rate of biostimulation through enhancement of oxygen
and nitrogen source increased the remediation potentials of the consortia microbes in
the cold soil unlike bioaugmentation.
Taccari et al. (2011) tested and evaluated the bioaugmentation and biostimulation
impacts of microbial consortium on the decontamination of petroleum diesel. The
biological control test was investigated for 120 days. Different substrates (β-cyclodextrin; biosurfactant, compost, guano, and microbial consortium) were
combined or individually used by the microbial population. The results of the
biological study indicated that the adding of the compost guano with the microbial
consortium elevated the activities of the heterotrophic aerobic microorganism which
was suspected to be strain of Pseudomonas. Bioaugmentation and biostimulation
380
C. O. Adetunji and O. A. Anani
biological model that will be employed for predictive analysis of catabolic enzyme
genes and other markers of biological stress, to ensure a perfect clean-up process.
This will inform certain ecological decisions and forestall future strategy for a better
ecorestoration.
Mrozika and Piotrowska-Seget (2010) in a review looked at the clean-up of soils
polluted with aromatic compounds using bioaugmentation approach. The authors
stated that most mutagenic and carcinogenic health risks are associated with the
impacts from aromatic compounds, especially the poly/long chain forms. That
bioaugmentation has been proven to be more efficient in the decontamination
pollutants through the introduction of specific fit consortia of microbes that will
enhance the degradation capacity of already existed inoculum. The authors also
stressed the need to avoid external and inter ecological and biological stressors that
will militate against the biological degrading process. They suggested that the
improvement of bioaugmentation could be attained by distributing suitable microbes
that are powerless on several transporters of triggered soil and the re-engineering of
microbial gene.
The process of the decontamination of oil, diesel, and fuel hydrocarbons in a cold
or snowy situation has become one of the greatest challenges faced in biotechnology
of pollutants.
Kauppi et al. (2011) tested and evaluated the relationship of bioaugmentation and
biostimulation in the improvement of bioremediation of oil, diesel, and fuel hydrocarbons in polluted soil during a cold or snowy condition. The authors used a
different assortment of microorganism inocula, aeration, bulking negotiator, and
nutrient alga under field and laboratory settings. The rRNA genes of the consortia
microbes were explored. The results of their study indicated that proteo-bacteria
were the most well highly distributed microbes in the consortia. The biodegrading
process was more efficient when aeration and nutrients were slowly released concurrently. The microbial inocula was unable to improve the remediation of the soil
nor was a long-lasting consortia density noticed in the laboratory setting. However,
in the field setting, the result showed that there was enough aeration and excess
decrease of moisture when the bulking negotiator was employed. The findings from
their study showed that bioaugmentation was not effective under cold condition. The
authors concluded that the rate of biostimulation through enhancement of oxygen
and nitrogen source increased the remediation potentials of the consortia microbes in
the cold soil unlike bioaugmentation.
Taccari et al. (2011) tested and evaluated the bioaugmentation and biostimulation
impacts of microbial consortium on the decontamination of petroleum diesel. The
biological control test was investigated for 120 days. Different substrates (β-cyclodextrin; biosurfactant, compost, guano, and microbial consortium) were
combined or individually used by the microbial population. The results of the
biological study indicated that the adding of the compost guano with the microbial
consortium elevated the activities of the heterotrophic aerobic microorganism which
was suspected to be strain of Pseudomonas. Bioaugmentation and biostimulation
380
C. O. Adetunji and O. A. Anani