BCPs and Boundary Work in Madagascar 263
Agreements and STMAs were eventually concluded between the Fa.M.A. and Africa
Rice (seven rice accessions), as well as with the National Agricultural Research Institute of Benin (INRAB) (four lima bean accessions from INRAB to Fa.M.A. and two
bean accessions from the Fa.M.A. to IRAB). There was a further STMA between the
Fa.M.A. and another community in Antavolobe (Madagascar).
32 We have used the “Group Analysis Method” widely used in Belgium, French-speaking
Africa and Latin America (van Campenhoudt et al., 2005).
33 Group Analysis, 28 October 2019 (in Malagasy).
34 Mr R says, in Malagasy: “sahala ny teny frantsay izany amiko”, i.e. literally, “it’s all
French to me”; the expression is not improper, but it is more common to say: “sahala
ny teny sinoa izany amiko” – “it’s all Chinese to me”. French is the language (real or
imagined) of the facilitator, the civil servants and the researchers.
35 Group Analysis, 28 October 2019 (in Malagasy).
References
Agrawal, A. (2005). Community, Intimate Government, and the Making of
Environmental Subjects in Kumaon, India. Current Anthropology, 46(2), 161–190.
Akrich, M. (1992). The De-Scription of Technical Objects. In W. E. Bijker & J. Law
(Eds.), Shaping Technology/Building Society: Studies in Sociotechnical Change (pp. 205–224).
The MIT Press.
Almekinders, C. J. M., Stone, G. D., Baranski, M., Carney, J. A., Hanspach, J., Krishna,
V. V., Ramirez-Villegas, J., Etten, J. van, & Zimmerer, K. S. (2019). Socioecological
Interactions Amid Global Change. In K. S. Zimmerer & S. de Haan (Eds.), Agrobiodiversity Integrating Knowledge for a Sustainable Future (pp. 117–143). MIT Press. https://
research.wur.nl/en/publications/socioecological-interactions-amid-global-change
Altieri, M. A., Anderson, M. K., & Merrick, L. C. (1987). Peasant Agriculture and the
Conservation of Crop and Wild Plant Resources. Conservation Biology, 1(1), 49–58.
Badstue, L. B., Bellon, M. R., Berthaud, J., Juárez, X., Rosas, I. M., Solano, A. M., &
Ramírez, A. (2006). Examining the Role of Collective Action in an Informal Seed
System: A Case Study from the Central Valleys of Oaxaca, Mexico. Human Ecology,
34(2), 249–273. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-006-9016-2
Banerjee, S. B. (2003). Who Sustains Whose Development? Sustainable Development
and the Reinvention of Nature. Organization Studies, 24(1), 143–180.
Bannister, K. (2009). Non-legal Instruments for Protection of Intangible Cultural
Heritage: Key Roles for Ethical Codes and Community Protocols. In C. Bell & V.
Napoleon (Eds.), Protection of First Nations’ Cultural Heritage: Laws, Policy and Reform
(pp. 278–308). UBC Press.
Bavikatte, K., Jonas, H., & von Braun, J. (2010). Traditional Knowledge and Economic
Development: The Biocultural Dimension. In S. M. Subramanian & B. Pisupati
(Eds.), Traditional Knowledge in Policy and Practice: Approaches to Development and Human
Well-Being (pp. 294–326). United Nations University Press.
Bavikatte, K. S., Robinson, D. F., & Oliva, M. J. (2015). Biocultural Community
Protocols: Dialogues on the Space Within. IK: Other Ways of Knowing, 1(2), 1–31.
Beaujard, P. (1995). Les rituels en riziculture chez les tañala de l’ikongo (sud-est de
Madagascar). Rituels, mythes et organisation sociale. In S. J. T. M. Evers & M. Spindler (Eds.), Cultures of Madagascar: Ebb and Flow of Influences = Civilisations de Madagascar: Flux et reflux des influences (pp. 249–273). IIAS.
Bierschenk, T., Chauveau, J.-P., Olivier de Sardan, J.-P., & Association euro-africaine
pour l’anthropologie du changement social et du développement. (2000). Courtiers
Agreements and STMAs were eventually concluded between the Fa.M.A. and Africa
Rice (seven rice accessions), as well as with the National Agricultural Research Institute of Benin (INRAB) (four lima bean accessions from INRAB to Fa.M.A. and two
bean accessions from the Fa.M.A. to IRAB). There was a further STMA between the
Fa.M.A. and another community in Antavolobe (Madagascar).
32 We have used the “Group Analysis Method” widely used in Belgium, French-speaking
Africa and Latin America (van Campenhoudt et al., 2005).
33 Group Analysis, 28 October 2019 (in Malagasy).
34 Mr R says, in Malagasy: “sahala ny teny frantsay izany amiko”, i.e. literally, “it’s all
French to me”; the expression is not improper, but it is more common to say: “sahala
ny teny sinoa izany amiko” – “it’s all Chinese to me”. French is the language (real or
imagined) of the facilitator, the civil servants and the researchers.
35 Group Analysis, 28 October 2019 (in Malagasy).
References
Agrawal, A. (2005). Community, Intimate Government, and the Making of
Environmental Subjects in Kumaon, India. Current Anthropology, 46(2), 161–190.
Akrich, M. (1992). The De-Scription of Technical Objects. In W. E. Bijker & J. Law
(Eds.), Shaping Technology/Building Society: Studies in Sociotechnical Change (pp. 205–224).
The MIT Press.
Almekinders, C. J. M., Stone, G. D., Baranski, M., Carney, J. A., Hanspach, J., Krishna,
V. V., Ramirez-Villegas, J., Etten, J. van, & Zimmerer, K. S. (2019). Socioecological
Interactions Amid Global Change. In K. S. Zimmerer & S. de Haan (Eds.), Agrobiodiversity Integrating Knowledge for a Sustainable Future (pp. 117–143). MIT Press. https://
research.wur.nl/en/publications/socioecological-interactions-amid-global-change
Altieri, M. A., Anderson, M. K., & Merrick, L. C. (1987). Peasant Agriculture and the
Conservation of Crop and Wild Plant Resources. Conservation Biology, 1(1), 49–58.
Badstue, L. B., Bellon, M. R., Berthaud, J., Juárez, X., Rosas, I. M., Solano, A. M., &
Ramírez, A. (2006). Examining the Role of Collective Action in an Informal Seed
System: A Case Study from the Central Valleys of Oaxaca, Mexico. Human Ecology,
34(2), 249–273. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-006-9016-2
Banerjee, S. B. (2003). Who Sustains Whose Development? Sustainable Development
and the Reinvention of Nature. Organization Studies, 24(1), 143–180.
Bannister, K. (2009). Non-legal Instruments for Protection of Intangible Cultural
Heritage: Key Roles for Ethical Codes and Community Protocols. In C. Bell & V.
Napoleon (Eds.), Protection of First Nations’ Cultural Heritage: Laws, Policy and Reform
(pp. 278–308). UBC Press.
Bavikatte, K., Jonas, H., & von Braun, J. (2010). Traditional Knowledge and Economic
Development: The Biocultural Dimension. In S. M. Subramanian & B. Pisupati
(Eds.), Traditional Knowledge in Policy and Practice: Approaches to Development and Human
Well-Being (pp. 294–326). United Nations University Press.
Bavikatte, K. S., Robinson, D. F., & Oliva, M. J. (2015). Biocultural Community
Protocols: Dialogues on the Space Within. IK: Other Ways of Knowing, 1(2), 1–31.
Beaujard, P. (1995). Les rituels en riziculture chez les tañala de l’ikongo (sud-est de
Madagascar). Rituels, mythes et organisation sociale. In S. J. T. M. Evers & M. Spindler (Eds.), Cultures of Madagascar: Ebb and Flow of Influences = Civilisations de Madagascar: Flux et reflux des influences (pp. 249–273). IIAS.
Bierschenk, T., Chauveau, J.-P., Olivier de Sardan, J.-P., & Association euro-africaine
pour l’anthropologie du changement social et du développement. (2000). Courtiers