196 L. M. Dybdahl and E. J. Iversen
does not benefit from this programme (see also Chapter 11). It is also
worth mentioning that there are other complementing funding programmes. As an example, RCN coordinates the BIA- programme and
SkatteFUNN, which are more generic research and innovation instruments directed towards industry actors. To deepen our understanding of
the competences involved in the bioeconomy, some of these programmes
were considered for inclusion in the dataset of this study, but RCN
encountered challenges in extracting the relevant projects from their
database (due to issues of categorisation). In addition, projects involving
mainly marine bioeconomy are largely organised in separate programmes.
b Although it focuses on research and innovation activity for food and biobased industries, some individual projects may not be seen as directly relevant to the bioeconomy, depending on one’s definition.
c Disclaimer: this chapter grows out of a project that is itself receiving
significant funding from Bionær.
10.3.2.1 Project data
The Bionær programme funded 333 projects in the period 2005–2016. In
this period the programme focused on agricultural, forest and bio- based value
chains, and also included most of the seafood value chain. We obtained
project and CV information from the programme itself. In this chapter, we
focus on the 136 research and competence- oriented projects that were still
active in 2016. The 136 targeted projects involved between one and 20 team
members (lead, collaborator, associate) each and had an average team size of
5.3 members. They lasted an average of 3.7 years and involved a total funding
amount of an average of 9.2 million NOK.
The projects which were active in the period 2007–2016 can be broken
down into two main types. The first type is Research Projects (60 or 44% of the
total), and as the name suggests, these tended to be explorative projects driven
by research enquiry. The second type of projects tended to involve industrial
partners more directly. This category includes so- called Innovation Projects (66
or 49%) as well as other collaborative projects with a focus on competencies
and the needs of the industry (the remaining 7%).
10.3.2.2 Researcher data
A total of 611 individual participants from a total of 498 entities were identified as being directly involved in one or more of the projects. The entities
represented the higher education institution (HEI) sector, the public research
organisations (PRO) sector, the private enterprise sector and the government
sector. From the CVs, we extracted information about what type of positions
the project participants held, their field of expertise and their education levels
and profiles. We also included other characteristics to inform specific
questions: for example, educational degrees and experience from foreign
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