Improvement of fine-grained and cohesive soils 175
0.5 1.25 0.5
Gravel bed
Stone column
9.00
∅
0.5
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
CPT DS 1
Sleeve friction
t
m (MN/m
2
)
m
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54
10 8 6 4 2 0
Cone resistance
q
s (MN/m
2
)
Friction ratio
R
f =
t
m /q
s (%)
0
Figure 4.39 Load test on single column and representative CPT result.