Index 265
q
QF, see Quality factor
Quality factor (QF), 153
Quality of life
cities, 116
contribution of electric power to, 221
noise pollution and, 122
Quercus
coccifera, 105
sp., 105
r
Radiation
cosmic, 156
gamma, 153
incident, 20
ionising, 156
solar, 19, 51, 58
ultraviolet, 175
Radioactivity, 152–157
beta particles, 153
cosmic radiation, 156
decay rate of radioactive isotope, 154
effects of radioactive radiation,
155–157
essential knowledge of the physics
of radioactivity, 152–155
eutrophication and, 165
gamma radiation, 153
half-life, 154
Hiroshima, 157
ionising radiation, 156
isotope disappearance, 153
linear hypothesis, 157
natural source, 156
penetrating power of radioactivity,
152
radioactive isotopes, 153
radioactive radiation, 152
threshold dose, scientific opinions
concerning, 157
uranium, 155
Radon, 126
Regulative processes, negative
feedback, 244
Reptiles, 19
RNA, 13
Rubbish, see Urban solid waste
Rule of Law, 230
S
Sanitary landfill, 196–197
Seasonal inversions, ecological
significance of, 80
Settlement, definition of, 117
Sick building syndrome, 127–128
Single-crop systems, 75
Site of Outstanding Natural Beauty
(SONB), 112–114
Soil, agricultural activity and, 94–97
agricultural ecosystems, 97
erosion and desertification, 94–95
fire, grazing following, 95
grazing, extreme pressure of, 95
land consolidation, 97
livestock farming, 94
Mesopotamia, 94
Neolithic era, 94
Nile valley, 94
olive groves, 97
over-grazing, 94
plant hedges in agricultural areas, 97
salination of soil, 96–97
Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, 94
transformation to laterite, 96
tropical forest degradation process,
96
water penetration, 96
watersheds, vulnerable, 94–95
wind erosion, 95
Solar radiation, 19, 21, 51
SONB, see Site of Outstanding Natural
Beauty
Starch, 13
State equations, 6
Stefan-Boltzmann relationship, 23
Stochastic models, 9
Strategic models, 5
Substances of Very High Concern
(SVHCs), 139
Sulphur cycle, 73
Super-consumerism, 230
Sustainable development, 223–228
compromise, 225
decoupling, 225
demographic stabilisation, 227
effort for reconciliation, 225
exploitation of natural resources, 226
extravagant lifestyle, 224
hazards, 223
international mutual influence, 224
q
QF, see Quality factor
Quality factor (QF), 153
Quality of life
cities, 116
contribution of electric power to, 221
noise pollution and, 122
Quercus
coccifera, 105
sp., 105
r
Radiation
cosmic, 156
gamma, 153
incident, 20
ionising, 156
solar, 19, 51, 58
ultraviolet, 175
Radioactivity, 152–157
beta particles, 153
cosmic radiation, 156
decay rate of radioactive isotope, 154
effects of radioactive radiation,
155–157
essential knowledge of the physics
of radioactivity, 152–155
eutrophication and, 165
gamma radiation, 153
half-life, 154
Hiroshima, 157
ionising radiation, 156
isotope disappearance, 153
linear hypothesis, 157
natural source, 156
penetrating power of radioactivity,
152
radioactive isotopes, 153
radioactive radiation, 152
threshold dose, scientific opinions
concerning, 157
uranium, 155
Radon, 126
Regulative processes, negative
feedback, 244
Reptiles, 19
RNA, 13
Rubbish, see Urban solid waste
Rule of Law, 230
S
Sanitary landfill, 196–197
Seasonal inversions, ecological
significance of, 80
Settlement, definition of, 117
Sick building syndrome, 127–128
Single-crop systems, 75
Site of Outstanding Natural Beauty
(SONB), 112–114
Soil, agricultural activity and, 94–97
agricultural ecosystems, 97
erosion and desertification, 94–95
fire, grazing following, 95
grazing, extreme pressure of, 95
land consolidation, 97
livestock farming, 94
Mesopotamia, 94
Neolithic era, 94
Nile valley, 94
olive groves, 97
over-grazing, 94
plant hedges in agricultural areas, 97
salination of soil, 96–97
Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, 94
transformation to laterite, 96
tropical forest degradation process,
96
water penetration, 96
watersheds, vulnerable, 94–95
wind erosion, 95
Solar radiation, 19, 21, 51
SONB, see Site of Outstanding Natural
Beauty
Starch, 13
State equations, 6
Stefan-Boltzmann relationship, 23
Stochastic models, 9
Strategic models, 5
Substances of Very High Concern
(SVHCs), 139
Sulphur cycle, 73
Super-consumerism, 230
Sustainable development, 223–228
compromise, 225
decoupling, 225
demographic stabilisation, 227
effort for reconciliation, 225
exploitation of natural resources, 226
extravagant lifestyle, 224
hazards, 223
international mutual influence, 224