Aphis fabae is reported as one of the major pests of broad been (Sabahi et al.
2011; Keshavarz et al. 2015) in Iran greenhouses.
The rose aphid, M. rosae is one of the most important pests of rose which
reducing the quality and quantity of products by attacking and hurting the leaves
and twigs. The fecundity of females (progeny/female) increased with increasing
temperature from 15
C to 22
C. The highest fecundity of M. rosae was reported
38.88 (progeny/female) at 22
C on rose (Mehrparvar and Hatami 2007).
Macrosiphoniella sanborni is a serious pest of chrysanthemum in Iran, high population densities of this aphid result in significant economic damage to chrysanthemum by decreasing its beauty and the value of cut flowers (Madjdzadeh and
Mehrparvar 2009; Valizadeh et al. 2013).
15.3.2 Whiteflies
Whiteflies are one of the economic pests of a wide range of greenhouse crops in the
world and Iran. They may cause economically important damages on host plants.
Direct damage occurs by feeding plant phloem (Malumphy 2003) and indirect
damage occurs by producing high amounts of honeydew (Perumal and Marimuthu
2009) which serves as a growing medium for sooty mold fungus. They are also
vectors of some of the plant viruses such as tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV)
and cucumber vein yellowing virus (CVYV) (Makkouk 1978; Nuez et al. 1999).
Table 15.1 The most important aphid pests (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on greenhouse crops in Iran
Aphid species
Host plants
References
Aphis gossypii Glover (cotton or melon aphid)
cucumber, pepper,
broad bean,
chrysanthemum
Zamani et al. (2006), Rostami et al. (2012),
Valizadeh et al. (2013), Alizadeh et al.
(2014), Hajiramezani-Chaleshtori et al.
(2014), Makareminia et al. (2014),
Keshavarz et al. (2015), Seyedebrahimi
et al. (2015), Rahsepar et al. (2016),
Tazerouni et al. (2016a)
Myzus persicae (Sulzer)
(green peach aphid)
pepper, eggplant,
chrysanthemum,
cucumber
Zamani et al. (2007), Ghadamyari et al.
(2008), Rashki et al. (2009), Valizadeh
et al. (2013), Mardani-Talaee et al. (2015),
Tazerouni et al. (2016c), Ghorbanian et al.
(2019)
Aphis fabae Scopoli (black
bean aphid)
broad been
Sabahi et al. (2011), Keshavarz et al.
(2015)
Macrosiphum rosae (L.)
(rose aphid)
Rose
Mehrparvar and Hatami (2007), Modarres
Najafabadi (2014), Jafarinasab et al.
(2015), Jalilian (2015)
Macrosiphoniella sanborni
(Gillette) (chrysanthemum
aphid)
chrysanthemum
Madjdzadeh and Mehrparvar (2009),
Valizadeh et al. (2013)
15 Biological Control of Greenhouse Pests in Iran
555
2011; Keshavarz et al. 2015) in Iran greenhouses.
The rose aphid, M. rosae is one of the most important pests of rose which
reducing the quality and quantity of products by attacking and hurting the leaves
and twigs. The fecundity of females (progeny/female) increased with increasing
temperature from 15
C to 22
C. The highest fecundity of M. rosae was reported
38.88 (progeny/female) at 22
C on rose (Mehrparvar and Hatami 2007).
Macrosiphoniella sanborni is a serious pest of chrysanthemum in Iran, high population densities of this aphid result in significant economic damage to chrysanthemum by decreasing its beauty and the value of cut flowers (Madjdzadeh and
Mehrparvar 2009; Valizadeh et al. 2013).
15.3.2 Whiteflies
Whiteflies are one of the economic pests of a wide range of greenhouse crops in the
world and Iran. They may cause economically important damages on host plants.
Direct damage occurs by feeding plant phloem (Malumphy 2003) and indirect
damage occurs by producing high amounts of honeydew (Perumal and Marimuthu
2009) which serves as a growing medium for sooty mold fungus. They are also
vectors of some of the plant viruses such as tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV)
and cucumber vein yellowing virus (CVYV) (Makkouk 1978; Nuez et al. 1999).
Table 15.1 The most important aphid pests (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on greenhouse crops in Iran
Aphid species
Host plants
References
Aphis gossypii Glover (cotton or melon aphid)
cucumber, pepper,
broad bean,
chrysanthemum
Zamani et al. (2006), Rostami et al. (2012),
Valizadeh et al. (2013), Alizadeh et al.
(2014), Hajiramezani-Chaleshtori et al.
(2014), Makareminia et al. (2014),
Keshavarz et al. (2015), Seyedebrahimi
et al. (2015), Rahsepar et al. (2016),
Tazerouni et al. (2016a)
Myzus persicae (Sulzer)
(green peach aphid)
pepper, eggplant,
chrysanthemum,
cucumber
Zamani et al. (2007), Ghadamyari et al.
(2008), Rashki et al. (2009), Valizadeh
et al. (2013), Mardani-Talaee et al. (2015),
Tazerouni et al. (2016c), Ghorbanian et al.
(2019)
Aphis fabae Scopoli (black
bean aphid)
broad been
Sabahi et al. (2011), Keshavarz et al.
(2015)
Macrosiphum rosae (L.)
(rose aphid)
Rose
Mehrparvar and Hatami (2007), Modarres
Najafabadi (2014), Jafarinasab et al.
(2015), Jalilian (2015)
Macrosiphoniella sanborni
(Gillette) (chrysanthemum
aphid)
chrysanthemum
Madjdzadeh and Mehrparvar (2009),
Valizadeh et al. (2013)
15 Biological Control of Greenhouse Pests in Iran
555