4
Biosphere
137
32. Biosphere, biomes, biogeography
137
33. Major biomes
141
34. Nutrient cycles
147
35. Respiration and photosynthesis
151
36. Trophic relationships
151
37. Energy, numbers, biomass
160
38. Ecosystems
163
39. Succession and climax
168
40. Arrested successions
172
41. Colonization
176
42. Stability, instability, and reproductive strategies
179
43. Simplicity and diversity
183
44. Homoeostasis, feedback, regulation
188
45. Limits of tolerance
192
Further reading
197
References
197
5
Biological Resources
200
46. Evolution
200
47. Evolutionary strategies and game theory
206
48. Adaptation
210
49. Dispersal mechanisms
214
50. Wildlife species and habitats
218
51. Biodiversity
222
52. Fisheries
227
53. Forests
233
54. Farming for food and fibre
239
55. Human populations and demographic change
249
56. Genetic engineering
250
Further reading
257
Notes
257
References
258
6
Environmental Management
261
57. Wildlife conservation
261
58. Zoos, nature reserves, wilderness
265
59. Pest control
269
60. Restoration ecology
274
61. World conservation strategies
237
62. Pollution control
281
63 Hazardous waste
287
64. Transnational pollution
288
Further reading
296
References
296
End of book summary
298
Glossary
300
Bibliography
307
Index
316
vi / Contents