Environment: atmosphere,
263–265; cycles in, 268–270;
hydrosphere, 266–267; lithosphere, 267–268
Enzymes, 245
Equations. See Chemical equations
Equilibrium constant: calculating, 179–181; common ion
effect, 188; concentration,
183–184; defined, 177; heterogeneous, 178–179;
homogenous, 178; predicting
precipitates, 186–187; solubility product constant, 184–186;
See also Chemical equilibrium
Equivalence point, 198
Ether, 235
Evaporation, 133
Excess reactants, 120–122
Exosphere, 263
Exothermic reaction, 81
Expansion, 126
Experiment, defined, 3
Extrapolation, 20
F
Families, in periodic table, 27,
54
Fatty acids, 247
f-block elements, 69–70
Fermentation, 251–252
Ferromagnetism, 69
Fission. See Nuclear fission
Fluidity, 131
Formula unit, 74
Fractional distillation, 231
Free energy, 167
Freezing point, 134
Freezing point depression, 156
Frequency, 41
Fuel cell, 219
Functional group, 233
Fusion. See Nuclear fusion
G
Galvanizing, 220
Gamma radiation, 40
Gases, 22; behavior of, 125–126
(see also Gas laws); and
entropy changes, 166; pressure
of, 127–129; reactions forming,
97–98; stoichiometry, 144–146
Gas laws: Avogadro’s principle,
140–142; Boyle’s law,
137–138; Charles’s law,
138–139; combined gas law,
139–140; ideal gas constant,
142–144
Geometric isomers, 229
Global warming, 269
Glucose, 246
Graham’s law of effusion, 126
Graph, 18–20
Greenhouse effect, 269
Groups, in periodic table, 27, 54
H
Half-cell, 214
Half-life, 258
Half-reaction, 210–212
Halocarbon, 233
Halogenation, 234
Halogens, 54, 67
Heat, 159–162; See also
Temperature
Heat of combustion, 162
Heat of reaction, 162
Heat of solution, 147
Heisenberg, Werner, 44
Henry’s law, 149–150
Hess’s law, 163–164
Heterogeneous catalyst, 172
Heterogeneous equilibrium,
178–179
Heterogeneous mixture, 26,
157–158
Homogeneous catalyst, 172
Homogeneous equilibrium, 178
Homogeneous mixture, 26, 157
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
324 Chemistry: Matter and Change
Solving Problems: A Chemistry Handbook