306
C. Pandey et al.
Maheshwari 2019). Nutrient availability has been influenced by solubilization, chelation, and oxidation-reduction reaction in soil (de Santiago et al. 2011). Several
workers (Puente et al. 2004; Sharma et al. 2012; Prasanna et al. 2013) studied
the nutrient enhancement and nutrient availability in the soil as well as in plants
that resulted in the bacterial inoculation. Goteti et al. (2013) observed a significant
enhancement in nitrogen and phosphorus contents of the maize when inoculated
with Bacillus sp. in comparison to that of plants treated with Pseudomonas spp.
This implies that PGPRs competence strongly enhanced crop growth with nutrients as well. Han et al. (2006) and Supanjani et al. (2006) applied two species of
bacilli, i.e., Bacillus megaterium var. phosphaticum and Bacillus mucilaginosus in
nutrient-limited stressed soil where the strains increased bioavailability of minerals,
their uptake and thereby enhanced growth of pepper and cucumber. In the same
year, Hafeez et al. (2006) suggested the use of Bacillus pumilus as a bioinoculant
to promote the crop yield in wheat. Beneduzi et al. (2008) reported Bacillus isolate
SVPR30 as an efficient bioinoculant for growth enhancement of the rice.
On the other hand, Zongzheng et al. (2010) also evaluated the growth promoter
effect of Bacillus subtilis SY1. Their study revealed a significant increase in seedling
parameters such as sprout tendency, germination percentage, sprout index, and vigor
index. Bacillus isolates exhibited good PGP activities and significantly influenced
seedling length, fresh weight, and dry weight of cowpea (Thomas et al. 2010).
Bacillus sp. RM-2 was reported to enhance the seedling value parameters of cowpea
with an increase in the number of seeds, the weight of seeds, and total grain weight
(Minaxi et al. 2011). Agrawal and Agrawal (2013) reported the growth promotion
of tomato by Bacillus sp. showing PGP traits. In the same year, Mehta et al. (2015)
supported the fact of planting value parameter enhancement by the treatment of
bioinoculants. Significant increase in seed germination, shoot length, root length,
shoot dry weight, root dry weight, along with an increase in nitrogen, potassium, and
phosphorus was observed after the application of Bacillus circulans CB7. Dubey et al.
(2014) suggested that the combination of a half dose of chemical fertilizers with the
Bacillus BSK17 was effective for the growth promotion of Cicer aerietinum and
reported a significant increase in germination, yield.
Recently, Refish et al. (2016) accounted for the role of Bacillus subtilis BS87
in the growth promotion of Anoectochilus roxburghii and A. formosanus. Similarly,
multifarious bacilli influence was reported to influence the growth promotion of
different crops such as Curcuma longa (Chauhan et al. 2016), Fagopyrum esculentum (Agarwal et al. 2017b). Awasthi et al. (2011) recorded enhanced growth and
biomass yield of Artemisia annua L. (Asteraceae) when treated with the consortium
of Glomus mosseae and B. subtilis. Biocoenotic consortium of P. aeruginosa KRP1
and B. licheniformis was suggested for bioformulation to enhance the productivity of
Brassica campestris by Maheshwari et al. (2015). Recently, Vurukonda et al. (2016)
evaluated the effect of a consortium of B. cereus, B. subtilis, and Serratia spp. on
cucumber plants that exhibited darker green leaves, fewer wilt symptoms increased
chlorophyll content and drought resistance. Kumar et al. (2016) suggested consortium of Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp., and R. leguminosarum in enhancement for
the growth and grain yield of Phaseolus vulgaris. These PGPRs have not only been
C. Pandey et al.
Maheshwari 2019). Nutrient availability has been influenced by solubilization, chelation, and oxidation-reduction reaction in soil (de Santiago et al. 2011). Several
workers (Puente et al. 2004; Sharma et al. 2012; Prasanna et al. 2013) studied
the nutrient enhancement and nutrient availability in the soil as well as in plants
that resulted in the bacterial inoculation. Goteti et al. (2013) observed a significant
enhancement in nitrogen and phosphorus contents of the maize when inoculated
with Bacillus sp. in comparison to that of plants treated with Pseudomonas spp.
This implies that PGPRs competence strongly enhanced crop growth with nutrients as well. Han et al. (2006) and Supanjani et al. (2006) applied two species of
bacilli, i.e., Bacillus megaterium var. phosphaticum and Bacillus mucilaginosus in
nutrient-limited stressed soil where the strains increased bioavailability of minerals,
their uptake and thereby enhanced growth of pepper and cucumber. In the same
year, Hafeez et al. (2006) suggested the use of Bacillus pumilus as a bioinoculant
to promote the crop yield in wheat. Beneduzi et al. (2008) reported Bacillus isolate
SVPR30 as an efficient bioinoculant for growth enhancement of the rice.
On the other hand, Zongzheng et al. (2010) also evaluated the growth promoter
effect of Bacillus subtilis SY1. Their study revealed a significant increase in seedling
parameters such as sprout tendency, germination percentage, sprout index, and vigor
index. Bacillus isolates exhibited good PGP activities and significantly influenced
seedling length, fresh weight, and dry weight of cowpea (Thomas et al. 2010).
Bacillus sp. RM-2 was reported to enhance the seedling value parameters of cowpea
with an increase in the number of seeds, the weight of seeds, and total grain weight
(Minaxi et al. 2011). Agrawal and Agrawal (2013) reported the growth promotion
of tomato by Bacillus sp. showing PGP traits. In the same year, Mehta et al. (2015)
supported the fact of planting value parameter enhancement by the treatment of
bioinoculants. Significant increase in seed germination, shoot length, root length,
shoot dry weight, root dry weight, along with an increase in nitrogen, potassium, and
phosphorus was observed after the application of Bacillus circulans CB7. Dubey et al.
(2014) suggested that the combination of a half dose of chemical fertilizers with the
Bacillus BSK17 was effective for the growth promotion of Cicer aerietinum and
reported a significant increase in germination, yield.
Recently, Refish et al. (2016) accounted for the role of Bacillus subtilis BS87
in the growth promotion of Anoectochilus roxburghii and A. formosanus. Similarly,
multifarious bacilli influence was reported to influence the growth promotion of
different crops such as Curcuma longa (Chauhan et al. 2016), Fagopyrum esculentum (Agarwal et al. 2017b). Awasthi et al. (2011) recorded enhanced growth and
biomass yield of Artemisia annua L. (Asteraceae) when treated with the consortium
of Glomus mosseae and B. subtilis. Biocoenotic consortium of P. aeruginosa KRP1
and B. licheniformis was suggested for bioformulation to enhance the productivity of
Brassica campestris by Maheshwari et al. (2015). Recently, Vurukonda et al. (2016)
evaluated the effect of a consortium of B. cereus, B. subtilis, and Serratia spp. on
cucumber plants that exhibited darker green leaves, fewer wilt symptoms increased
chlorophyll content and drought resistance. Kumar et al. (2016) suggested consortium of Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp., and R. leguminosarum in enhancement for
the growth and grain yield of Phaseolus vulgaris. These PGPRs have not only been