1 Endophytes in Mineral Nutrient …
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The beneficial microorganisms have been established for efficient mineral solubilization, mobilization, and acquisition of soil nutrients. Being major tissue colonizer
of plant’s interior and to improve plant growth by enhancing nutrient use efficiency
(NUE) with phosphorus (P) from the organic stock to available form via nutrient
mineralization. Biological control against few soil-borne diseases and improved
water uptake in drought conditions via the maintenance of ACC-deaminase activity
and ethylene regulation influence growth promotion (Aeron et al. 2019). A revised
scheme of the utilization of endophyte as bioformulation is depicted in Fig. 1.1.
The use of fertilizers, including mineral fertilizers and organic manures, to
enhance soil fertility and crop productivity (Etesami and Maheshwari 2018) has
often influenced the complex system of the biogeochemical cycles. The synthetic
fertilizer and chemicals caused leaching and nutrients run-off, especially N and P,
leading to environmental degradation. Low fertilizer use efficiency and continuous
long-term use are important causes of this aggravated problem. Thus, it necessitates
the involvement of endophytes to acquire suitable strategies for the plant’s mineral
nutrient management.
Fig. 1.1 A revised scheme of isolation and characterization of endophytes for plant growth
promotion, molecular identification, and use as bioinoculant for raising agricultural crops
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The beneficial microorganisms have been established for efficient mineral solubilization, mobilization, and acquisition of soil nutrients. Being major tissue colonizer
of plant’s interior and to improve plant growth by enhancing nutrient use efficiency
(NUE) with phosphorus (P) from the organic stock to available form via nutrient
mineralization. Biological control against few soil-borne diseases and improved
water uptake in drought conditions via the maintenance of ACC-deaminase activity
and ethylene regulation influence growth promotion (Aeron et al. 2019). A revised
scheme of the utilization of endophyte as bioformulation is depicted in Fig. 1.1.
The use of fertilizers, including mineral fertilizers and organic manures, to
enhance soil fertility and crop productivity (Etesami and Maheshwari 2018) has
often influenced the complex system of the biogeochemical cycles. The synthetic
fertilizer and chemicals caused leaching and nutrients run-off, especially N and P,
leading to environmental degradation. Low fertilizer use efficiency and continuous
long-term use are important causes of this aggravated problem. Thus, it necessitates
the involvement of endophytes to acquire suitable strategies for the plant’s mineral
nutrient management.
Fig. 1.1 A revised scheme of isolation and characterization of endophytes for plant growth
promotion, molecular identification, and use as bioinoculant for raising agricultural crops