20
Phytotechnology with Biomass Production
of different origin; to be able to grow at the same site long term. M. × giganteus
has all of these properties (Clifton-Brown et al., 2008; Dauber et al., 2010). The
plant is among the more promising bioenergy crops due to high yield, water
and nutrient use efficiency, and lignocellulose content. Lewandowski et al.
(2016) pointed that M. × giganteus has only weak ability to absorb contaminants;
therefore, it can be cultivated in contaminated soils while obtaining relatively
clean biomass.
The selection of Miscanthus for phytomanagement of different contaminated areas with simultaneous production of alternative energy source is
getting popular (Amougou et al., 2011; Dubis et al., 2019; Kołodziej et al.,
2016; Kvak et al., 2018; Lewandowski et al., 2005; Matyka & Kuś, 2016; Roik
et al., 2019; Tryboi, 2018). Thus, because Miscanthus covers 15% of the total
bioenergy plant market in some Eastern European countries (Geletukha
et al., 2016), can stabilize and accumulate some trace elements, absorb and
degrade contaminants of organic origin, facilitate carbon deposition, and
improve physico-chemical properties of soil, this plant may be successfully
applied for restoration of postmining (Kharytonov et al., 2019; Nurzhanova
et al., 2019; Pidlisnyuk et al., 2020a, b) and postmilitary (Alasmary, 2020;
Pidlisnyuk et al., 2018, 2019) sites (Table 2.7). Miscanthus brings ecological benefits with economic profit due to using biomass for energy and
bioproducts.
2.5.1 Miscanthus Tolerance to Metals and Removal Capacity
Miscanthus’ ability to grow in soils contaminated by trace elements
(Alasmary, 2020; Pidlisnyuk et al., 2019; Wilkins, 1997) is determined by the
following factors (Wang et al., 2020):
TABLE 2.7
Phytoremediation Potential of M. × giganteus to Different Trace Elements
Trace Element
Phytoremediation Potential
Reference
Cd
Rhizoextraction
Excluder
Phytostabilization
Arduini et al. (2006)
Fernando and Oliveira (2004)
Nsanganwimana et al. (2015)
Cr
Rhizoextraction
Excluder
Arduini et al. (2006)
Fernando and Oliveira (2004)
Cu
Excluder
Fernando and Oliveira (2004)
Hg
Excluder
Fernando and Oliveira (2004)
Ni
Excluder
Fernando and Oliveira (2004)
Pb
Excluder
Excluder
Phytostabilization
Pavel et al. (2014)
Fernando and Oliveira (2004)
Nsanganwimana et al. (2015)
Zn
Accumulator
Excluder
Phytostabilization
Pogrzeba et al. (2013)
Fernando and Oliveira (2004)
Nsanganwimana et al. (2015)