18
Bacterial Cellulose
Tal,.R..H.,.H..C..Wong,.R..Calhoon,.D..Gelfand,.A..L..Fear,.G..Volman,.R..Mayer,.P. Ross,.
D.. Amikam,. H.. Weinhouse,. A.. Cohen,. S.. Sapir,. P.. Ohana,. and. M.  Benziman..
1998.. Three. cdg. operons. control. the. turnover. of. cyclic. di-GMP. in. Acetobacter
xylinum:. genetic. organization. and. occurrence. of. conserved. domains. in. isoenzymes..J. Bacteriol..180:4416–4425.
Umeda,.Y.,.A..Hirano,.M..Ishibashi,.H..Akiyama,.T..Onizuka,.M..Ikeuchi,.and.Y. Inoue..
1999..Cloning.of.cellulose.synthase.genes.from.Acetobacter xylinum.JCM.7664:.
implication.of.a.novel.set.of.cellulose.synthase.genes..DNA Res..6:109–115.
Valla,. S.,. D.. H.. Coucheron,. E.. Fjærvik,. J.. Kjosbakken,. H.. Weinhouse,. P.. Ross,.
D. Amikam,.and.M..Benziman..1989..Cloning.of.a.gene.involved.in.cellulose.biosynthesis.in.Acetobacter xylinum:.complementation.of.cellulose-negative.mutants.
by.the.UDPG.pyrophosphorylase.structural.gene..Mol. Gen. Genet..217:26–30.
Valla,. S.,. H.. Ertesvåg,. N.. Tonouchi,. and. E.. Fjærvik.. 2009.. Bacterial. cellulose. production:. biosynthesis. and. applications.. In:. Microbial Production of Biopolymers
and Polymer Precursors: Applications and Perspectives,.ed..B..H..A..Rehm,.43–77..
Norfolk,.UK:.Caister.Academic.Press.
Valla,.S.,.and.J..Kjosbakken..1982..Cellulose-negative.mutants.of.Acetobacter xylinum..
J. Gen. Microbiol. 128:1401–1408.
Wong,. H.. C.,. A.. L.. Fear,. R.. D.. Calhoon,. G.. H.. Eichinger,. R.. Mayer,. D.. Amikam,.
M. Benziman,.D..H..Gelfand,.J..H..Meade,.A..W..Emerick,.R..Bruner,.A..Ben-Bassat,.
and. R.. Tal.. 1990.. Genetic. organization. of. the. cellulose. synthase. operon. in.
Acetobacter xylinum..Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.87:8130–8134.
Yasutake,.Y.,. S.. Kawano,. K.. Tajima,. M..Yao,.Y.. Satoh,. M.. Munekata,. and. I.. Tanaka..
2006..Structural.characterization.of.the.Acetobacter xylinum.endo-β-1,4-glucanase.
CMCax.required.for.cellulose.biosynthesis. Proteins.64:1069–1077.
Zaar,.K..1979..Visualization.of.pores.(export.sites).correlated.with.cellulose.production.in.the.envelope.of.the.Gram-negative.bacterium.Acetobacter xylinum..J. Cell
Biol..80:773–777.
Zogaj,. X.,. M.. Nimtz,. M.. Rohde,. W.. Bokranz,. and. U.. Römling.. 2001.. The. multicellular. morphotypes. of. Salmonella typhimurium. and. Escherichia coli. produce.
cellulose.as.the.second.component.of.the.extracellular.matrix..Mol. Microbiol.
39:1452–1463.